{
  "iso2": "US",
  "name": "United States",
  "continent": "north-america",
  "region": "Northern America",
  "press_freedom": null,
  "incident_count": 16,
  "tactics": [
    {
      "slug": "access_ban",
      "name": "Access bans",
      "count": 9
    },
    {
      "slug": "credential_control",
      "name": "Credential control",
      "count": 5
    },
    {
      "slug": "funding_and_ownership_pressure",
      "name": "Funding and ownership pressure",
      "count": 3
    },
    {
      "slug": "surveillance_and_subpoenas",
      "name": "Surveillance and subpoenas",
      "count": 3
    },
    {
      "slug": "lawsuits_against_press",
      "name": "Lawsuits against the press",
      "count": 1
    },
    {
      "slug": "outlet_licensing",
      "name": "Licensing and closure of outlets",
      "count": 1
    },
    {
      "slug": "prior_restraint",
      "name": "Prior restraint",
      "count": 1
    },
    {
      "slug": "secrets_and_espionage_laws",
      "name": "Secrets and espionage laws",
      "count": 1
    }
  ],
  "leaders": [
    {
      "slug": "donald-trump",
      "name": "Donald Trump",
      "count": 11,
      "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/leaders/donald-trump"
    },
    {
      "slug": "jeff-landry",
      "name": "Jeff Landry",
      "count": 2,
      "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/leaders/jeff-landry"
    },
    {
      "slug": "barack-obama",
      "name": "Barack Obama",
      "count": 1,
      "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/leaders/barack-obama"
    },
    {
      "slug": "richard-nixon",
      "name": "Richard Nixon",
      "count": 1,
      "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/leaders/richard-nixon"
    },
    {
      "slug": "ron-desantis",
      "name": "Ron DeSantis",
      "count": 1,
      "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/leaders/ron-desantis"
    }
  ],
  "incidents_by_year": {
    "1971": [
      {
        "slug": "1971-nixon-white-house-compiles-enemies-list",
        "title": "United States: Nixon White House \"enemies list\" naming journalists, September 1971",
        "occurred_on": "1971-09-09",
        "occurred_on_precision": "day",
        "country": "US",
        "country_name": "United States",
        "continent": "north-america",
        "jurisdiction": "US",
        "level": "national",
        "tactic_primary": "surveillance_and_subpoenas",
        "tactics": [
          "surveillance_and_subpoenas"
        ],
        "leader_slug": "richard-nixon",
        "leader_name": "Richard Nixon",
        "issue_of_the_day": null,
        "outcome": "unknown",
        "outcome_on": null,
        "outcome_note": "No ruling or formal rescission applies; the lists became public during the Watergate investigations of 1973 to 1974.",
        "era": "1970s",
        "granularity": "anchor",
        "status": "in_effect",
        "case_count": 0,
        "summary": "On September 9, 1971, the office of Charles Colson, special counsel to the president of the United States, Richard Nixon, sent White House Counsel John Dean, the president's lawyer on official matters, a memorandum naming 20 people as an initial \"enemies list.\" The list named political opponents, including journalists, for possible action through federal agencies, such as tax audits by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), the United States federal tax agency. The IRS commissioner, Donald C. Alexander, refused to launch audits of the people on the list. The lists became public during the Watergate investigations into Nixon's White House.",
        "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/1971-nixon-white-house-compiles-enemies-list"
      }
    ],
    "2013": [
      {
        "slug": "2013-obama-doj-charges-eight-under-espionage-act",
        "title": "United States: Espionage Act prosecutions of sources for leaks to the press, 2009 to 2013",
        "occurred_on": "2013-10-10",
        "occurred_on_precision": "day",
        "country": "US",
        "country_name": "United States",
        "continent": "north-america",
        "jurisdiction": "US",
        "level": "national",
        "tactic_primary": "secrets_and_espionage_laws",
        "tactics": [
          "secrets_and_espionage_laws",
          "surveillance_and_subpoenas"
        ],
        "leader_slug": "barack-obama",
        "leader_name": "Barack Obama",
        "issue_of_the_day": null,
        "outcome": "unknown",
        "outcome_on": null,
        "outcome_note": "The record documents the prosecutions as a group; the outcome of each case is not recorded here.",
        "era": "2010s",
        "granularity": "anchor",
        "status": "in_effect",
        "case_count": 0,
        "summary": "A report by the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ), a non-profit organization in New York that documents cases of journalists imprisoned or killed worldwide, published on October 10, 2013, found that since 2009 the United States Department of Justice had brought felony charges against six government employees and two contractors, including Edward Snowden, accused of leaking classified information to the press. The charges were brought under the Espionage Act, a 1917 United States law against disclosing defence information, during the presidency of Barack Obama. The Project On Government Oversight, a United States non-profit that investigates the federal government, said the department under Obama and Attorney General Eric Holder \"has used it more than all prior administrations combined.\"",
        "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2013-obama-doj-charges-eight-under-espionage-act"
      }
    ],
    "2018": [
      {
        "slug": "2018-white-house-revokes-acosta-press-pass",
        "title": "United States: White House suspension of CNN correspondent Jim Acosta's hard pass, November 2018",
        "occurred_on": "2018-11-07",
        "occurred_on_precision": "day",
        "country": "US",
        "country_name": "United States",
        "continent": "north-america",
        "jurisdiction": "US",
        "level": "national",
        "tactic_primary": "credential_control",
        "tactics": [
          "access_ban",
          "credential_control"
        ],
        "leader_slug": "donald-trump",
        "leader_name": "Donald Trump",
        "issue_of_the_day": "An exchange between Acosta and Trump at a White House news conference on November 7, 2018, after the United States midterm elections.",
        "outcome": "reversed",
        "outcome_on": "2018-11-19",
        "outcome_note": "A temporary restraining order of 2018-11-16 required reinstatement; the White House restored the pass on 2018-11-19 and CNN dropped the suit.",
        "era": "2010s",
        "granularity": "anchor",
        "status": "in_effect",
        "case_count": 2,
        "summary": "On November 7, 2018, the White House suspended the hard pass of CNN's White House correspondent, Jim Acosta, after what Gulf News called a \"heated confrontation\" between Acosta and the president of the United States, Donald Trump, at a news conference after the country's midterm elections. A hard pass is the standing credential that lets a reporter enter the White House press area without applying each day. On November 16, 2018, a federal judge granted CNN a temporary restraining order requiring the pass to be reinstated, and the White House restored it on November 19, 2018, after which CNN dropped its lawsuit.",
        "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2018-white-house-revokes-acosta-press-pass"
      }
    ],
    "2024": [
      {
        "slug": "2024-louisiana-enacts-police-buffer-zone-law",
        "title": "United States (Louisiana): 25-foot buffer zone law around police officers, May 2024",
        "occurred_on": "2024-05-24",
        "occurred_on_precision": "day",
        "country": "US",
        "country_name": "United States",
        "continent": "north-america",
        "jurisdiction": "US-LA",
        "level": "state_or_province",
        "tactic_primary": "access_ban",
        "tactics": [
          "access_ban"
        ],
        "leader_slug": "jeff-landry",
        "leader_name": "Jeff Landry",
        "issue_of_the_day": null,
        "outcome": "ongoing",
        "outcome_on": "2025-01-31",
        "outcome_note": "Enforcement blocked by a preliminary injunction on 2025-01-31 while the case is pending; Louisiana's appeal was reported pending as of mid-2026.",
        "era": "2020s",
        "granularity": "granular",
        "status": "in_effect",
        "case_count": 0,
        "summary": "On May 28, 2024, the governor of Louisiana, a state in the southern United States, Jeff Landry, signed a law that makes it a crime to stay within 25 feet (about 7.6 metres) of a working law enforcement officer after the officer has told a person to step back. The law applies to everyone, including journalists. Supporters described it as protecting officers' safety while they work. On January 31, 2025, a federal judge blocked its enforcement while a challenge to it is decided.",
        "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2024-louisiana-enacts-police-buffer-zone-law"
      }
    ],
    "2025": [
      {
        "slug": "2025-florida-halo-law-takes-effect",
        "title": "United States (Florida): Halo Law buffer zone around first responders, January 2025",
        "occurred_on": "2025-01-01",
        "occurred_on_precision": "day",
        "country": "US",
        "country_name": "United States",
        "continent": "north-america",
        "jurisdiction": "US-FL",
        "level": "state_or_province",
        "tactic_primary": "access_ban",
        "tactics": [
          "access_ban"
        ],
        "leader_slug": "ron-desantis",
        "leader_name": "Ron DeSantis",
        "issue_of_the_day": null,
        "outcome": "sustained",
        "outcome_on": "2025-01-01",
        "outcome_note": "In effect from 2025-01-01; the sources cited report no court order blocking it (as of 2026-09-22).",
        "era": "2020s",
        "granularity": "granular",
        "status": "in_effect",
        "case_count": 0,
        "summary": "On January 1, 2025, the \"Halo Law\" took effect in Florida, a state in the south-eastern United States. It creates a 25-foot (7.6-metre) buffer zone around first responders, such as police officers, firefighters and paramedics, while they are performing their duties, and anyone who enters the zone \"to 'harass, impede or threaten' first responders after receiving a warning\" faces up to 60 days in prison and a fine of US$500. The law applies to journalists as well as the public. The governor of Florida, Ron DeSantis, signed it in 2024.",
        "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2025-florida-halo-law-takes-effect"
      },
      {
        "slug": "2025-federal-judge-blocks-louisiana-buffer-law",
        "title": "United States (Louisiana): Federal court order blocking enforcement of the police buffer zone law, January 2025",
        "occurred_on": "2025-01-31",
        "occurred_on_precision": "day",
        "country": "US",
        "country_name": "United States",
        "continent": "north-america",
        "jurisdiction": "US-LA",
        "level": "state_or_province",
        "tactic_primary": "access_ban",
        "tactics": [
          "access_ban"
        ],
        "leader_slug": "jeff-landry",
        "leader_name": "Jeff Landry",
        "issue_of_the_day": null,
        "outcome": "ongoing",
        "outcome_on": "2025-01-31",
        "outcome_note": "Preliminary injunction granted 2025-01-31; Louisiana's appeal was reported pending as of mid-2026.",
        "era": "2020s",
        "granularity": "granular",
        "status": "in_effect",
        "case_count": 0,
        "summary": "On January 31, 2025, Judge John W. deGravelles of the United States District Court for the Middle District of Louisiana, a federal trial court, blocked enforcement of the state's 25-foot (7.6-metre) police buffer zone law with a preliminary injunction, an order that keeps the situation as it is while a case is decided. He wrote that \"the distance required is likely to impede Plaintiffs' non-obstructive newsgathering\" and that \"the Act has a chilling effect on Plaintiffs' First Amendment rights.\" The plaintiffs included journalists and civil rights observers. Louisiana was reported to be appealing the order.",
        "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2025-federal-judge-blocks-louisiana-buffer-law"
      },
      {
        "slug": "2025-white-house-bars-ap-gulf-of-america",
        "title": "United States: White House exclusion of the Associated Press from the Oval Office and Air Force One, February 2025",
        "occurred_on": "2025-02-11",
        "occurred_on_precision": "day",
        "country": "US",
        "country_name": "United States",
        "continent": "north-america",
        "jurisdiction": "US",
        "level": "national",
        "tactic_primary": "access_ban",
        "tactics": [
          "access_ban"
        ],
        "leader_slug": "donald-trump",
        "leader_name": "Donald Trump",
        "issue_of_the_day": "AP's continued use of the name \"Gulf of Mexico\" after an executive order of the president of the United States renamed the body of water the \"Gulf of America\" for federal purposes.",
        "outcome": "ongoing",
        "outcome_on": "2025-07-22",
        "outcome_note": "The D.C. Circuit's partial stay of 2025-06-06 keeps AP out of the Oval Office, Air Force One, Mar-a-Lago and the Cabinet Room and admits it to the East Room; the full court denied rehearing en banc on 2025-07-22. The appeal is pending.",
        "era": "2020s",
        "granularity": "granular",
        "status": "in_effect",
        "case_count": 1,
        "summary": "On February 16, 2025, the White House, the office of the president of the United States, began barring journalists from the Associated Press (AP), a United States news agency, from the Oval Office and Air Force One, the aircraft that carries the president. The exclusion followed AP's decision to keep using the name \"Gulf of Mexico\" after an executive order of the president, Donald Trump, renamed the body of water the \"Gulf of America\" for United States federal purposes. Trump told reporters, \"We're going to keep them out until such time as they agree that it's the Gulf of America,\" according to NPR. AP sued on February 21, 2025; as of 2026-09-22, a partial stay by a federal appeals court leaves AP excluded from the Oval Office and Air Force One.",
        "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2025-white-house-bars-ap-gulf-of-america"
      },
      {
        "slug": "2025-whca-loses-control-of-press-pool",
        "title": "United States: White House takes over selection of the presidential press pool, February 2025",
        "occurred_on": "2025-02-25",
        "occurred_on_precision": "day",
        "country": "US",
        "country_name": "United States",
        "continent": "north-america",
        "jurisdiction": "US",
        "level": "national",
        "tactic_primary": "access_ban",
        "tactics": [
          "access_ban",
          "credential_control"
        ],
        "leader_slug": "donald-trump",
        "leader_name": "Donald Trump",
        "issue_of_the_day": null,
        "outcome": "sustained",
        "outcome_on": "2026-09-22",
        "outcome_note": "The White House selects the pool as of 2026-09-22, according to the Associated Press (s104).",
        "era": "2020s",
        "granularity": "granular",
        "status": "in_effect",
        "case_count": 0,
        "summary": "On February 25, 2025, the White House announced that it would decide which journalists join the press pool, the small rotating group of reporters who cover the president of the United States in spaces such as the Oval Office and Air Force One and share what they gather with other outlets. The White House Correspondents' Association (WHCA), the organization of reporters who cover the president, said that for more than a century \"working journalists\" and \"not government officials\" had \"determined pool rotation procedures.\" As of 2026-09-22, the White House selects the pool, according to the Associated Press.",
        "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2025-whca-loses-control-of-press-pool"
      },
      {
        "slug": "2025-usagm-moves-to-shut-down-voice-of-america",
        "title": "United States: U.S. Agency for Global Media action to shut down Voice of America operations, March 2025",
        "occurred_on": "2025-03-15",
        "occurred_on_precision": "day",
        "country": "US",
        "country_name": "United States",
        "continent": "north-america",
        "jurisdiction": "US",
        "level": "national",
        "tactic_primary": "funding_and_ownership_pressure",
        "tactics": [
          "funding_and_ownership_pressure"
        ],
        "leader_slug": "donald-trump",
        "leader_name": "Donald Trump",
        "issue_of_the_day": null,
        "outcome": "ongoing",
        "outcome_on": "2025-03-28",
        "outcome_note": "A temporary restraining order of 2025-03-28 barred USAGM from reducing its workforce; litigation continued into 2026.",
        "era": "2020s",
        "granularity": "granular",
        "status": "in_effect",
        "case_count": 0,
        "summary": "Beginning on March 15, 2025, the U.S. Agency for Global Media (USAGM), the United States federal agency that oversees the government's international broadcasters, placed most of its staff on paid administrative leave and moved to shut down the operations of Voice of America (VOA), the United States government's international broadcaster. Kari Lake, a senior advisor at USAGM, carried out the action under an executive order of the president of the United States, Donald Trump, to reduce the federal bureaucracy. VOA journalists sued on March 21, 2025, and on March 28, 2025, a federal judge issued a temporary restraining order, a short-term order made before a full hearing, that barred the agency from reducing its workforce.",
        "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2025-usagm-moves-to-shut-down-voice-of-america"
      },
      {
        "slug": "2025-doj-rescinds-media-subpoena-guidelines",
        "title": "United States: Department of Justice rescission of rules limiting subpoenas of journalists, April 2025",
        "occurred_on": "2025-04-25",
        "occurred_on_precision": "day",
        "country": "US",
        "country_name": "United States",
        "continent": "north-america",
        "jurisdiction": "US",
        "level": "national",
        "tactic_primary": "surveillance_and_subpoenas",
        "tactics": [
          "surveillance_and_subpoenas"
        ],
        "leader_slug": "donald-trump",
        "leader_name": "Donald Trump",
        "issue_of_the_day": null,
        "outcome": "sustained",
        "outcome_on": "2025-04-25",
        "outcome_note": "In effect since 2025-04-25; the sources cited report no restoration of the earlier rules (as of 2026-09-22).",
        "era": "2020s",
        "granularity": "granular",
        "status": "in_effect",
        "case_count": 0,
        "summary": "On April 25, 2025, the Attorney General of the United States, Pam Bondi, head of the Department of Justice, the federal department that prosecutes federal crimes, rescinded rules adopted in 2021 and 2022 under her predecessor, Merrick Garland, that barred prosecutors from seeking reporters' records or testimony to identify the sources of leaks. Bondi's memo said leaks of sensitive information to the media undermine the department's ability \"to uphold the rule of law, protect civil rights, and keep America safe.\" The department returned to a test that weighs law enforcement interests against press freedom, according to the Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press, a United States non-profit that provides legal help to journalists.",
        "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2025-doj-rescinds-media-subpoena-guidelines"
      },
      {
        "slug": "2025-trump-order-ends-cpb-funding-npr-pbs",
        "title": "United States: Executive Order 14290 directing an end to federal funding for NPR and PBS, May 2025",
        "occurred_on": "2025-05-01",
        "occurred_on_precision": "day",
        "country": "US",
        "country_name": "United States",
        "continent": "north-america",
        "jurisdiction": "US",
        "level": "national",
        "tactic_primary": "funding_and_ownership_pressure",
        "tactics": [
          "funding_and_ownership_pressure"
        ],
        "leader_slug": "donald-trump",
        "leader_name": "Donald Trump",
        "issue_of_the_day": null,
        "outcome": "unknown",
        "outcome_on": null,
        "outcome_note": "No court ruling on Executive Order 14290 and no final funding figure appears in the sources cited (as of 2026-09-22).",
        "era": "2020s",
        "granularity": "granular",
        "status": "in_effect",
        "case_count": 0,
        "summary": "On May 1, 2025, the president of the United States, Donald Trump, signed Executive Order 14290, \"Ending Taxpayer Subsidization of Biased Media.\" It directs the Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB), a private non-profit corporation created by the United States Congress in 1967 to distribute federal money to public radio and television, and federal agencies to stop funding NPR and PBS, the country's non-profit public radio and television networks. The order says public funding for news is \"not only outdated and unnecessary but corrosive to the appearance of journalistic independence.\" NPR and PBS said the president cannot cut funding that Congress has appropriated to CPB.",
        "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2025-trump-order-ends-cpb-funding-npr-pbs"
      },
      {
        "slug": "2025-paramount-cbs-settle-60-minutes-suit",
        "title": "United States: Paramount settlement of Donald Trump's lawsuit over a 60 Minutes interview, July 2025",
        "occurred_on": "2025-07-01",
        "occurred_on_precision": "day",
        "country": "US",
        "country_name": "United States",
        "continent": "north-america",
        "jurisdiction": "US",
        "level": "national",
        "tactic_primary": "lawsuits_against_press",
        "tactics": [
          "lawsuits_against_press"
        ],
        "leader_slug": "donald-trump",
        "leader_name": "Donald Trump",
        "issue_of_the_day": "60 Minutes' editing of a 2024 interview with Kamala Harris, then vice-president of the United States.",
        "outcome": "sustained",
        "outcome_on": "2025-07-01",
        "outcome_note": "Settled on 2025-07-01: US$16 million to Trump's future presidential library and the plaintiffs' fees and costs; 60 Minutes to release transcripts of presidential-candidate interviews. The outcome enum has no value for a settlement; \"sustained\" records that the settlement terms stand.",
        "era": "2020s",
        "granularity": "granular",
        "status": "in_effect",
        "case_count": 0,
        "summary": "On July 1, 2025, Paramount, the parent company of the United States broadcaster CBS News, announced that it would settle for US$16 million a lawsuit brought by Donald Trump, the president of the United States, over how the CBS program 60 Minutes edited a 2024 interview with Kamala Harris, then vice-president. The money goes to Trump's future presidential library and the plaintiffs' fees and costs, and 60 Minutes will release transcripts of future interviews with presidential candidates, \"subject to redactions as required for legal or national security concerns.\" Paramount \"has maintained that the lawsuit was completely without merit,\" according to CBS News.",
        "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2025-paramount-cbs-settle-60-minutes-suit"
      },
      {
        "slug": "2025-fcc-pressure-precedes-kimmel-suspension",
        "title": "United States: Federal Communications Commission chairman's remarks and the suspension of Jimmy Kimmel Live!, September 2025",
        "occurred_on": "2025-09-17",
        "occurred_on_precision": "day",
        "country": "US",
        "country_name": "United States",
        "continent": "north-america",
        "jurisdiction": "US",
        "level": "national",
        "tactic_primary": "funding_and_ownership_pressure",
        "tactics": [
          "funding_and_ownership_pressure",
          "outlet_licensing"
        ],
        "leader_slug": "donald-trump",
        "leader_name": "Donald Trump",
        "issue_of_the_day": "Jimmy Kimmel's on-air remarks about speculation over the motives of the person who killed Charlie Kirk, according to NPR.",
        "outcome": "reversed",
        "outcome_on": "2025-09-23",
        "outcome_note": "ABC announced the show's return for 2025-09-23 after about a week off the air, according to Al Jazeera (s112).",
        "era": "2020s",
        "granularity": "granular",
        "status": "in_effect",
        "case_count": 0,
        "summary": "On September 17, 2025, the chairman of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), the United States regulator of broadcasting, Brendan Carr, said broadcasters could \"do this the easy way or the hard way\" over remarks by the television host Jimmy Kimmel, and warned of \"additional work for the FCC ahead.\" Within hours, the station owners Nexstar and Sinclair said they would pull Jimmy Kimmel Live! from their stations, and ABC, the network that airs it, did the same, according to NPR. ABC announced that the show would return on September 23, 2025, according to Al Jazeera.",
        "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2025-fcc-pressure-precedes-kimmel-suspension"
      },
      {
        "slug": "2025-pentagon-issues-new-press-credentialing-rules",
        "title": "United States: Department of Defense press credential rules requiring approval before release of information, September 2025",
        "occurred_on": "2025-09-19",
        "occurred_on_precision": "day",
        "country": "US",
        "country_name": "United States",
        "continent": "north-america",
        "jurisdiction": "US",
        "level": "national",
        "tactic_primary": "credential_control",
        "tactics": [
          "access_ban",
          "credential_control",
          "prior_restraint"
        ],
        "leader_slug": "donald-trump",
        "leader_name": "Donald Trump",
        "issue_of_the_day": null,
        "outcome": "ongoing",
        "outcome_on": "2026-04-09",
        "outcome_note": "Judge Paul Friedman ruled against the credential-revocation provisions on 2026-03-20 and against the revised policy on 2026-04-09; the Department of Defense appealed.",
        "era": "2020s",
        "granularity": "granular",
        "status": "in_effect",
        "case_count": 0,
        "summary": "On September 21, 2025, the United States Department of Defense, the federal department that provides the country's military forces, issued new credential rules for reporters at the Pentagon, its headquarters building, under the Secretary of Defense, Pete Hegseth. The rules require that information be approved for public release by an authorizing official \"before it is released, even if it is unclassified,\" and require accredited reporters to pledge not to solicit or publish such information without approval or lose their badges. The Pentagon called the rules \"an important step in preventing leaks that damage operational security and national security.\" A federal judge ruled against the rules in March and April 2026, and the department has appealed (as of 2026-09-22).",
        "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2025-pentagon-issues-new-press-credentialing-rules"
      },
      {
        "slug": "2025-pentagon-press-corps-forfeits-badges",
        "title": "United States: News organizations turn in their Pentagon press credentials, October 2025",
        "occurred_on": "2025-10-15",
        "occurred_on_precision": "day",
        "country": "US",
        "country_name": "United States",
        "continent": "north-america",
        "jurisdiction": "US",
        "level": "national",
        "tactic_primary": "credential_control",
        "tactics": [
          "access_ban",
          "credential_control"
        ],
        "leader_slug": "donald-trump",
        "leader_name": "Donald Trump",
        "issue_of_the_day": null,
        "outcome": "ongoing",
        "outcome_on": "2026-04-09",
        "outcome_note": "Credentials were ordered restored for seven New York Times journalists on 2026-03-20; the ruling against the revised policy on 2026-04-09 is on appeal. Most other outlets remain outside the building.",
        "era": "2020s",
        "granularity": "granular",
        "status": "in_effect",
        "case_count": 0,
        "summary": "Beginning on October 15, 2025, reporters from at least 30 news organizations vacated the press workspace at the Pentagon, the headquarters of the United States Department of Defense, rather than sign the department's new credential pledge, with a deadline of October 17 to remove their belongings. They included ABC News, NBC News, CBS News, Fox News, CNN, the Associated Press, Reuters, Bloomberg News, The New York Times, The Washington Post, The Wall Street Journal, NPR and Politico. One America News Network said it would sign. As of 2026-09-22, most of these outlets cover the Pentagon from outside the building.",
        "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2025-pentagon-press-corps-forfeits-badges"
      }
    ],
    "2026": [
      {
        "slug": "2026-white-house-bans-cnn-msnow-politico",
        "title": "United States: White House hard-pass deactivations for CNN, MS NOW and Politico reporters, September 2026",
        "occurred_on": "2026-09-18",
        "occurred_on_precision": "day",
        "country": "US",
        "country_name": "United States",
        "continent": "north-america",
        "jurisdiction": "US",
        "level": "national",
        "tactic_primary": "access_ban",
        "tactics": [
          "access_ban",
          "credential_control"
        ],
        "leader_slug": "donald-trump",
        "leader_name": "Donald Trump",
        "issue_of_the_day": null,
        "outcome": "ongoing",
        "outcome_on": "2026-09-21",
        "outcome_note": "Cable News Network, Inc. v. Trump (D.D.C. No. 1:26-cv-03287) was filed on 2026-09-21 and is pending; a hearing is scheduled for 2026-09-23.",
        "era": "2020s",
        "granularity": "granular",
        "status": "in_effect",
        "case_count": 2,
        "summary": "On September 18, 2026, the president of the United States, Donald Trump, announced on Truth Social, a social media platform, and in the Oval Office that CNN, MS NOW and Politico would be banned from the White House, the president's office and residence in Washington, D.C. He described the outlets' coverage as \"FICTION and LIES.\" On September 19, 2026, the outlets' reporters were denied entry at the White House gates after their hard passes, the standing credentials that let reporters enter the White House press area without applying each day, were deactivated. The outlets sued on September 21, 2026, and the case is pending as of 2026-09-22.",
        "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2026-white-house-bans-cnn-msnow-politico"
      }
    ]
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  "license": {
    "name": "CC BY 4.0",
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