{
  "title": "Incidents: secrets and espionage laws in Asia, outcome reversed",
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  "count": 2,
  "page": 1,
  "pages": 1,
  "per_page": 50,
  "counts_caveat": "The number of entries reflects the depth of this record, not the severity of a country's conduct.",
  "facets": {
    "country": [
      {
        "value": "MM",
        "label": "Myanmar",
        "rsf": {
          "index": "RSF World Press Freedom Index",
          "year": 2026,
          "rank": 166,
          "of": 180,
          "label": "RSF 2026 rank: 166th of 180",
          "source_url": "https://rsf.org/en/index"
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        "value": "KP",
        "label": "North Korea",
        "rsf": null
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        "label": "Secrets and espionage laws",
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        "label": "Detention and violence",
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      }
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    "stage": [
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        "value": "eliminate",
        "label": "Eliminate",
        "count": 2
      }
    ],
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      {
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        "label": "National",
        "count": 2
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    ],
    "outcome": [
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        "value": "reversed",
        "label": "Reversed",
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        "label": "Aung San Suu Kyi"
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      {
        "value": "kim-jong-il",
        "label": "Kim Jong Il"
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        "label": "2010s",
        "count": 1
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      {
        "value": "2000s",
        "label": "2000s",
        "count": 1
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    ],
    "year": [
      {
        "value": "2009",
        "label": "2009",
        "count": 1
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      {
        "value": "2018",
        "label": "2018",
        "count": 1
      }
    ],
    "has_case": [
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        "count": 2
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  "results": [
    {
      "slug": "2018-myanmar-reuters-journalists-official-secrets-act",
      "title": "Myanmar sentences two Reuters journalists to seven years under the Official Secrets Act for reporting on a massacre",
      "occurred_on": "2018-09-03",
      "occurred_on_precision": "day",
      "country": "MM",
      "country_name": "Myanmar",
      "continent": "asia",
      "jurisdiction": "MM",
      "level": "national",
      "tactic_primary": "secrets_and_espionage_laws",
      "tactics": [
        "detention_and_violence",
        "secrets_and_espionage_laws"
      ],
      "leader_slug": "aung-san-suu-kyi",
      "leader_name": "Aung San Suu Kyi",
      "issue_of_the_day": "The Reuters investigation into the killing of ten Rohingya Muslim men and boys by Myanmar soldiers and local residents in Inn Din village, Rakhine State, in September 2017.",
      "outcome": "reversed",
      "outcome_on": "2019-05-07",
      "outcome_note": "President Win Myint pardoned and released Wa Lone and Kyaw Soe Oo on May 7, 2019, after 511 days in prison, as part of a mass amnesty.",
      "stage": "eliminate",
      "ladder_note": "Both reporters were pardoned in May 2019 after 511 days in prison.",
      "rsf": {
        "index": "RSF World Press Freedom Index",
        "year": 2026,
        "rank": 166,
        "of": 180,
        "label": "RSF 2026 rank: 166th of 180",
        "source_url": "https://rsf.org/en/index"
      },
      "era": "2010s",
      "granularity": "anchor",
      "status": "historical",
      "case_count": 0,
      "summary": "A Myanmar court sentenced Reuters reporters Wa Lone and Kyaw Soe Oo to seven years under the colonial-era Official Secrets Act after police handed them classified documents at a dinner shortly before their arrest, while they were investigating the killing of Rohingya Muslim villagers.",
      "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2018-myanmar-reuters-journalists-official-secrets-act"
    },
    {
      "slug": "2009-north-korea-ling-lee-sentenced",
      "title": "North Korea: American journalists Laura Ling and Euna Lee are sentenced to hard labor",
      "occurred_on": "2009-06-08",
      "occurred_on_precision": "day",
      "country": "KP",
      "country_name": "North Korea",
      "continent": "asia",
      "jurisdiction": "KP",
      "level": "national",
      "tactic_primary": "secrets_and_espionage_laws",
      "tactics": [
        "secrets_and_espionage_laws"
      ],
      "leader_slug": "kim-jong-il",
      "leader_name": "Kim Jong Il",
      "issue_of_the_day": "Ling and Lee had been reporting near the China-North Korea border for the American outlet Current TV when they were detained by North Korean border guards in March 2009.",
      "outcome": "reversed",
      "outcome_on": "2009-08-04",
      "outcome_note": "North Korean leader Kim Jong Il pardoned Ling and Lee after former President Bill Clinton traveled to Pyongyang to secure their release.",
      "stage": "eliminate",
      "ladder_note": "Two foreign journalists received a twenty-year hard-labor sentence for a border charge, resolved only by a former head of state's personal visit to the country's leader.",
      "rsf": null,
      "era": "2000s",
      "granularity": "granular",
      "status": "historical",
      "case_count": 0,
      "summary": "A North Korean court sentenced Current TV journalists Laura Ling and Euna Lee to twenty years of \"reform through hard labor\" after their arrest for crossing the border from China without authorization, and both were released months later following a visit by former President Bill Clinton.",
      "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2009-north-korea-ling-lee-sentenced"
    }
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  "license": {
    "name": "CC BY 4.0",
    "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
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}