{
  "title": "Incidents in Viet Nam",
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  "sort": "date",
  "count": 2,
  "page": 1,
  "pages": 1,
  "per_page": 50,
  "counts_caveat": "The number of entries reflects the depth of this record, not the severity of a country's conduct.",
  "facets": {
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      {
        "value": "VN",
        "label": "Viet Nam",
        "rsf": null
      }
    ],
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        "label": "Asia"
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    ],
    "tactic": [
      {
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        "label": "Secrets and espionage laws",
        "count": 1
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      {
        "value": "nguyen-tan-dung",
        "label": "Nguyen Tan Dung"
      },
      {
        "value": "nguyen-xuan-phuc",
        "label": "Nguyen Xuan Phuc"
      }
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    "era": [
      {
        "value": "2020s",
        "label": "2020s",
        "count": 1
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      {
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        "count": 2
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      "slug": "2021-vietnam-pham-doan-trang-nine-year-sentence",
      "title": "Vietnam: journalist Pham Doan Trang is sentenced to nine years for anti-state \"propaganda\"",
      "occurred_on": "2021-12-14",
      "occurred_on_precision": "day",
      "country": "VN",
      "country_name": "Viet Nam",
      "continent": "asia",
      "jurisdiction": "VN",
      "level": "national",
      "tactic_primary": "secrets_and_espionage_laws",
      "tactics": [
        "secrets_and_espionage_laws"
      ],
      "leader_slug": "nguyen-xuan-phuc",
      "leader_name": "Nguyen Xuan Phuc",
      "issue_of_the_day": "Trang had spent years writing and publishing independent reporting and commentary critical of the ruling Communist Party before her arrest, work for which she had already received international press freedom recognition.",
      "outcome": "sustained",
      "outcome_on": "2021-12-14",
      "outcome_note": "Trang's nine-year sentence stood as of the source reviewed, with no release reported in it.",
      "stage": "eliminate",
      "ladder_note": "An independent editor received a nine-year sentence under a national-security speech law for her journalism, not a licensing or credential dispute.",
      "rsf": null,
      "era": "2020s",
      "granularity": "granular",
      "status": "in_effect",
      "case_count": 0,
      "summary": "A Vietnamese court sentenced Pham Doan Trang, founding editor of the independent outlet The Vietnamese, to nine years in prison for distributing anti-state \"propaganda\" under a national-security provision of the country's penal code.",
      "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2021-vietnam-pham-doan-trang-nine-year-sentence"
    },
    {
      "slug": "2013-vietnam-decree-72-restricts-blogs",
      "title": "Vietnam: Decree 72 restricts blogs to personal information",
      "occurred_on": "2013-09-01",
      "occurred_on_precision": "month",
      "country": "VN",
      "country_name": "Viet Nam",
      "continent": "asia",
      "jurisdiction": "VN",
      "level": "national",
      "tactic_primary": "disinformation_labeling",
      "tactics": [
        "disinformation_labeling"
      ],
      "leader_slug": "nguyen-tan-dung",
      "leader_name": "Nguyen Tan Dung",
      "issue_of_the_day": "Not stated in the sources reviewed.",
      "outcome": "sustained",
      "outcome_on": "2013-09-01",
      "outcome_note": "The decree remained in force and was not reported as reversed in the source reviewed.",
      "stage": "pressure",
      "ladder_note": "Vietnam's decree barred bloggers from sharing news articles at all, restricting them to personal content on pain of prosecution; no United States rule confines an outlet or blogger to personal content.",
      "rsf": null,
      "era": "2010s",
      "granularity": "granular",
      "status": "historical",
      "case_count": 0,
      "summary": "Vietnam's Decree 72 took effect in September 2013, barring bloggers and social media users from linking to or reposting news from press organizations or foreign government websites, restricting them to sharing personal information only.",
      "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2013-vietnam-decree-72-restricts-blogs"
    }
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  "license": {
    "name": "CC BY 4.0",
    "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
  }
}