{
  "title": "Search in the Philippines, national level",
  "canonical_url": "https://thewaronnews.com/search?country=PH&continent=asia&level=national",
  "filters": {
    "country": "PH",
    "continent": "asia",
    "level": "national"
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  "sort": "date",
  "count": 2,
  "page": 1,
  "pages": 1,
  "per_page": 50,
  "counts_caveat": "The number of entries reflects the depth of this record, not the severity of a country's conduct.",
  "facets": {
    "country": [
      {
        "value": "PH",
        "label": "Philippines",
        "rsf": {
          "index": "RSF World Press Freedom Index",
          "year": 2026,
          "rank": 114,
          "of": 180,
          "label": "RSF 2026 rank: 114th of 180",
          "source_url": "https://rsf.org/en/index"
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    "continent": [
      {
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        "label": "Asia"
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        "label": "Access bans",
        "count": 1
      },
      {
        "value": "detention_and_violence",
        "label": "Detention and violence",
        "count": 1
      },
      {
        "value": "prior_restraint",
        "label": "Prior restraint",
        "count": 1
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      {
        "value": "shutdowns_and_blocking",
        "label": "Shutdowns and blocking",
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    "stage": [
      {
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        "label": "Pressure",
        "count": 1
      },
      {
        "value": "silence",
        "label": "Silence",
        "count": 1
      }
    ],
    "level": [
      {
        "value": "national",
        "label": "National",
        "count": 2
      }
    ],
    "outcome": [
      {
        "value": "unknown",
        "label": "Unknown",
        "count": 1
      },
      {
        "value": "reversed",
        "label": "Reversed",
        "count": 1
      }
    ],
    "leader": [
      {
        "value": "ferdinand-marcos",
        "label": "Ferdinand Marcos"
      },
      {
        "value": "rodrigo-duterte",
        "label": "Rodrigo Duterte"
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    ],
    "era": [
      {
        "value": "2010s",
        "label": "2010s",
        "count": 1
      },
      {
        "value": "1970s",
        "label": "1970s",
        "count": 1
      }
    ],
    "year": [
      {
        "value": "1972",
        "label": "1972",
        "count": 1
      },
      {
        "value": "2018",
        "label": "2018",
        "count": 1
      }
    ],
    "has_case": [
      {
        "value": "0",
        "label": "without a court case",
        "count": 2
      }
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  "results": [
    {
      "slug": "2018-philippines-bans-rappler-presidential-palace",
      "title": "Philippines: a Rappler reporter is barred from the presidential palace",
      "occurred_on": "2018-02-21",
      "occurred_on_precision": "day",
      "country": "PH",
      "country_name": "Philippines",
      "continent": "asia",
      "jurisdiction": "PH",
      "level": "national",
      "tactic_primary": "access_ban",
      "tactics": [
        "access_ban"
      ],
      "leader_slug": "rodrigo-duterte",
      "leader_name": "Rodrigo Duterte",
      "issue_of_the_day": "The ban followed the Philippine Securities and Exchange Commission's January 2018 revocation of Rappler's operating license over a foreign-ownership finding, a decision Rappler said was really aimed at its critical coverage of Duterte.",
      "outcome": "unknown",
      "outcome_on": "2018-02-21",
      "outcome_note": "The source reviewed reports only the ban taking effect and does not state whether or when it ended.",
      "stage": "pressure",
      "ladder_note": "The head of government personally ordered a named outlet's reporters excluded from the seat of government after revoking the outlet's corporate license.",
      "rsf": {
        "index": "RSF World Press Freedom Index",
        "year": 2026,
        "rank": 114,
        "of": 180,
        "label": "RSF 2026 rank: 114th of 180",
        "source_url": "https://rsf.org/en/index"
      },
      "era": "2010s",
      "granularity": "granular",
      "status": "in_effect",
      "case_count": 0,
      "summary": "President Rodrigo Duterte ordered Rappler reporter Pia Ranada and the outlet's CEO barred from Malacanang Palace, the seat of the Philippine presidency, after the government revoked Rappler's operating license.",
      "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2018-philippines-bans-rappler-presidential-palace"
    },
    {
      "slug": "1972-philippines-marcos-martial-law-media-closures",
      "title": "Philippines President Marcos closes every major news outlet under martial law",
      "occurred_on": "1972-09-21",
      "occurred_on_precision": "day",
      "country": "PH",
      "country_name": "Philippines",
      "continent": "asia",
      "jurisdiction": "PH",
      "level": "national",
      "tactic_primary": "shutdowns_and_blocking",
      "tactics": [
        "detention_and_violence",
        "prior_restraint",
        "shutdowns_and_blocking"
      ],
      "leader_slug": "ferdinand-marcos",
      "leader_name": "Ferdinand Marcos",
      "issue_of_the_day": "Marcos had declared martial law citing threats from Communist insurgency and civil unrest, and moved immediately to eliminate independent media coverage that might question the declaration or his expanding powers.",
      "outcome": "reversed",
      "outcome_on": "1986-02-25",
      "outcome_note": "Marcos was removed from power in the People Power Revolution of February 22-25, 1986, ending martial-law controls on the Philippine press.",
      "stage": "silence",
      "ladder_note": null,
      "rsf": {
        "index": "RSF World Press Freedom Index",
        "year": 2026,
        "rank": 114,
        "of": 180,
        "label": "RSF 2026 rank: 114th of 180",
        "source_url": "https://rsf.org/en/index"
      },
      "era": "1970s",
      "granularity": "anchor",
      "status": "historical",
      "case_count": 0,
      "summary": "President Ferdinand Marcos declared martial law on September 21, 1972, and the next day ordered the military to take over nearly every newspaper, radio and television station in the Philippines, jailing prominent publishers and editors and requiring government clearance for whatever remained.",
      "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/1972-philippines-marcos-martial-law-media-closures"
    }
  ],
  "other_results": [],
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    "md": "https://thewaronnews.com/search.md?country=PH&continent=asia&level=national"
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  "license": {
    "name": "CC BY 4.0",
    "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
  }
}