{
  "title": "Search in Europe, from 2020, outcome ongoing",
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  "filters": {
    "continent": "europe",
    "from": "2020",
    "outcome": "ongoing"
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  "count": 4,
  "page": 1,
  "pages": 1,
  "per_page": 50,
  "counts_caveat": "The number of entries reflects the depth of this record, not the severity of a country's conduct.",
  "facets": {
    "country": [
      {
        "value": "HU",
        "label": "Hungary",
        "rsf": {
          "index": "RSF World Press Freedom Index",
          "year": 2026,
          "rank": 74,
          "of": 180,
          "label": "RSF 2026 rank: 74th of 180",
          "source_url": "https://rsf.org/en/index"
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        "value": "RU",
        "label": "Russia",
        "rsf": {
          "index": "RSF World Press Freedom Index",
          "year": 2026,
          "rank": 172,
          "of": 180,
          "label": "RSF 2026 rank: 172nd of 180",
          "source_url": "https://rsf.org/en/index"
        }
      },
      {
        "value": "RS",
        "label": "Serbia",
        "rsf": {
          "index": "RSF World Press Freedom Index",
          "year": 2026,
          "rank": 104,
          "of": 180,
          "label": "RSF 2026 rank: 104th of 180",
          "source_url": "https://rsf.org/en/index"
        }
      }
    ],
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    ],
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        "count": 1
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      {
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        "label": "Secrets and espionage laws",
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        "count": 3
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      {
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        "label": "Eliminate",
        "count": 1
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        "label": "National",
        "count": 3
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        "count": 1
      }
    ],
    "outcome": [
      {
        "value": "ongoing",
        "label": "Ongoing",
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        "value": "aleksandar-vucic",
        "label": "Aleksandar Vucic"
      },
      {
        "value": "viktor-orban",
        "label": "Viktor Orban"
      },
      {
        "value": "vladimir-putin",
        "label": "Vladimir Putin"
      }
    ],
    "era": [
      {
        "value": "2020s",
        "label": "2020s",
        "count": 4
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    "year": [
      {
        "value": "2021",
        "label": "2021",
        "count": 1
      },
      {
        "value": "2022",
        "label": "2022",
        "count": 1
      },
      {
        "value": "2025",
        "label": "2025",
        "count": 1
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      {
        "value": "2026",
        "label": "2026",
        "count": 1
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        "value": "0",
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        "count": 4
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    {
      "slug": "2026-hungary-mayor-removes-telex-reporters",
      "title": "Hungary: a ruling-party mayor forcibly removes Telex reporters from a campaign event",
      "occurred_on": "2026-03-10",
      "occurred_on_precision": "day",
      "country": "HU",
      "country_name": "Hungary",
      "continent": "europe",
      "jurisdiction": "HU",
      "level": "municipal",
      "tactic_primary": "access_ban",
      "tactics": [
        "access_ban"
      ],
      "leader_slug": "viktor-orban",
      "leader_name": "Viktor Orban",
      "issue_of_the_day": "Telex, an independent Hungarian outlet, was covering a campaign forum ahead of Hungary's April 2026 parliamentary election when the mayor hosting the event moved to stop the reporting.",
      "outcome": "ongoing",
      "outcome_on": "2026-03-10",
      "outcome_note": "Telex filed a criminal complaint the same period as the removal; the Committee to Protect Journalists reports no resolution of that complaint.",
      "stage": "punish",
      "ladder_note": "A government official used physical force to remove and bar named reporters from an event, rather than only denying a credential or building pass.",
      "rsf": {
        "index": "RSF World Press Freedom Index",
        "year": 2026,
        "rank": 74,
        "of": 180,
        "label": "RSF 2026 rank: 74th of 180",
        "source_url": "https://rsf.org/en/index"
      },
      "era": "2020s",
      "granularity": "granular",
      "status": "in_effect",
      "case_count": 0,
      "summary": "A mayor from Hungary's ruling Fidesz party physically removed two Telex journalists from a campaign forum in a community center, covering their camera lens and pushing them out after they declined to leave what he called a closed event.",
      "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2026-hungary-mayor-removes-telex-reporters"
    },
    {
      "slug": "2025-serbia-police-target-journalists-protests",
      "title": "Serbian police strike, detain and disarm journalists covering anti-government protests",
      "occurred_on": "2025-09-05",
      "occurred_on_precision": "day",
      "country": "RS",
      "country_name": "Serbia",
      "continent": "europe",
      "jurisdiction": "RS",
      "level": "national",
      "tactic_primary": "detention_and_violence",
      "tactics": [
        "detention_and_violence"
      ],
      "leader_slug": "aleksandar-vucic",
      "leader_name": "Aleksandar Vucic",
      "issue_of_the_day": "The protests, which grew through the summer of 2025, followed months of demonstrations against President Aleksandar Vucic's government that began after a deadly railway-station canopy collapse in Novi Sad in late 2024.",
      "outcome": "ongoing",
      "outcome_on": null,
      "outcome_note": "The interior ministry did not respond to CPJ's request for comment, and no officer was reported disciplined for the incidents documented.",
      "stage": "punish",
      "ladder_note": null,
      "rsf": {
        "index": "RSF World Press Freedom Index",
        "year": 2026,
        "rank": 104,
        "of": 180,
        "label": "RSF 2026 rank: 104th of 180",
        "source_url": "https://rsf.org/en/index"
      },
      "era": "2020s",
      "granularity": "granular",
      "status": "in_effect",
      "case_count": 0,
      "summary": "The Committee to Protect Journalists documented at least 28 Serbian journalists reporting being struck, detained, sprayed with chemical irritants or having their equipment destroyed by police between June and September 2025 while covering nationwide anti-government protests; the interior ministry did not respond to CPJ's request for comment.",
      "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2025-serbia-police-target-journalists-protests"
    },
    {
      "slug": "2022-russia-safronov-treason-sentence",
      "title": "Russia: journalist Ivan Safronov is sentenced to 22 years for treason",
      "occurred_on": "2022-09-05",
      "occurred_on_precision": "day",
      "country": "RU",
      "country_name": "Russia",
      "continent": "europe",
      "jurisdiction": "RU",
      "level": "national",
      "tactic_primary": "secrets_and_espionage_laws",
      "tactics": [
        "secrets_and_espionage_laws"
      ],
      "leader_slug": "vladimir-putin",
      "leader_name": "Vladimir Putin",
      "issue_of_the_day": "Safronov had reported for the newspapers Kommersant and Vedomosti on Russian military affairs, including 2019 coverage of a planned sale of fighter jets to Egypt, before taking a communications role at Russia's space agency.",
      "outcome": "ongoing",
      "outcome_on": "2022-09-05",
      "outcome_note": "Safronov received a 22-year sentence and planned to appeal; the source reviewed does not report a ruling on any appeal.",
      "stage": "eliminate",
      "ladder_note": "A journalist received a 22-year sentence for treason in a case linked to his own earlier reporting, far longer than any credential, licensing or fine-based restriction.",
      "rsf": {
        "index": "RSF World Press Freedom Index",
        "year": 2026,
        "rank": 172,
        "of": 180,
        "label": "RSF 2026 rank: 172nd of 180",
        "source_url": "https://rsf.org/en/index"
      },
      "era": "2020s",
      "granularity": "granular",
      "status": "in_effect",
      "case_count": 0,
      "summary": "A Russian court sentenced military correspondent Ivan Safronov to 22 years in prison for treason, accusing him of spying for a foreign state, in a case his supporters linked to his 2019 reporting on Russian arms sales to Egypt.",
      "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2022-russia-safronov-treason-sentence"
    },
    {
      "slug": "2021-hungary-panyi-pegasus-spyware",
      "title": "Hungary: investigative journalist Szabolcs Panyi's phone is infected with Pegasus spyware",
      "occurred_on": "2021-07-01",
      "occurred_on_precision": "month",
      "country": "HU",
      "country_name": "Hungary",
      "continent": "europe",
      "jurisdiction": "HU",
      "level": "national",
      "tactic_primary": "surveillance_and_subpoenas",
      "tactics": [
        "surveillance_and_subpoenas"
      ],
      "leader_slug": "viktor-orban",
      "leader_name": "Viktor Orban",
      "issue_of_the_day": "The finding was published as part of the July 2021 Pegasus Project, a collaborative investigation by Forbidden Stories and Amnesty International's Security Lab into governments' use of NSO Group's Pegasus spyware against journalists and civil society figures worldwide.",
      "outcome": "ongoing",
      "outcome_on": "2021-07-01",
      "outcome_note": "The finding prompted European Union scrutiny of Pegasus use against journalists, but the source reviewed does not report any Hungarian accountability measure.",
      "stage": "punish",
      "ladder_note": "A journalist's phone was covertly infected with spyware capable of reading his communications and locating his sources, rather than a subpoena for records already created.",
      "rsf": {
        "index": "RSF World Press Freedom Index",
        "year": 2026,
        "rank": 74,
        "of": 180,
        "label": "RSF 2026 rank: 74th of 180",
        "source_url": "https://rsf.org/en/index"
      },
      "era": "2020s",
      "granularity": "granular",
      "status": "in_effect",
      "case_count": 0,
      "summary": "Amnesty International found forensic traces of Pegasus spyware on the phone of Direkt36 investigative journalist Szabolcs Panyi, who covers Hungarian national security and diplomacy, as part of the wider Pegasus Project investigation.",
      "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2021-hungary-panyi-pegasus-spyware"
    }
  ],
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    "name": "CC BY 4.0",
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