{
  "title": "Search in South America, national level, outcome sustained",
  "canonical_url": "https://thewaronnews.com/search?continent=south-america&level=national&outcome=sustained",
  "filters": {
    "continent": "south-america",
    "level": "national",
    "outcome": "sustained"
  },
  "sort": "date",
  "count": 4,
  "page": 1,
  "pages": 1,
  "per_page": 50,
  "counts_caveat": "The number of entries reflects the depth of this record, not the severity of a country's conduct.",
  "facets": {
    "country": [
      {
        "value": "AR",
        "label": "Argentina",
        "rsf": {
          "index": "RSF World Press Freedom Index",
          "year": 2026,
          "rank": 98,
          "of": 180,
          "label": "RSF 2026 rank: 98th of 180",
          "source_url": "https://rsf.org/en/index"
        }
      },
      {
        "value": "CL",
        "label": "Chile",
        "rsf": {
          "index": "RSF World Press Freedom Index",
          "year": 2026,
          "rank": 70,
          "of": 180,
          "label": "RSF 2026 rank: 70th of 180",
          "source_url": "https://rsf.org/en/index"
        }
      },
      {
        "value": "VE",
        "label": "Venezuela",
        "rsf": {
          "index": "RSF World Press Freedom Index",
          "year": 2026,
          "rank": 159,
          "of": 180,
          "label": "RSF 2026 rank: 159th of 180",
          "source_url": "https://rsf.org/en/index"
        }
      }
    ],
    "continent": [
      {
        "value": "south-america",
        "label": "South America"
      }
    ],
    "tactic": [
      {
        "value": "detention_and_violence",
        "label": "Detention and violence",
        "count": 2
      },
      {
        "value": "shutdowns_and_blocking",
        "label": "Shutdowns and blocking",
        "count": 2
      },
      {
        "value": "outlet_licensing",
        "label": "Licensing and closure of outlets",
        "count": 2
      },
      {
        "value": "expulsion_and_visa_denial",
        "label": "Expulsion and visa denial",
        "count": 1
      },
      {
        "value": "funding_and_ownership_pressure",
        "label": "Funding and ownership pressure",
        "count": 1
      }
    ],
    "stage": [
      {
        "value": "punish",
        "label": "Punish",
        "count": 1
      },
      {
        "value": "silence",
        "label": "Silence",
        "count": 3
      }
    ],
    "level": [
      {
        "value": "national",
        "label": "National",
        "count": 4
      }
    ],
    "outcome": [
      {
        "value": "sustained",
        "label": "Sustained",
        "count": 4
      }
    ],
    "leader": [
      {
        "value": "augusto-pinochet",
        "label": "Augusto Pinochet"
      },
      {
        "value": "hugo-chavez",
        "label": "Hugo Chavez"
      },
      {
        "value": "javier-milei",
        "label": "Javier Milei"
      },
      {
        "value": "nicolas-maduro",
        "label": "Nicolas Maduro"
      }
    ],
    "era": [
      {
        "value": "2020s",
        "label": "2020s",
        "count": 2
      },
      {
        "value": "2000s",
        "label": "2000s",
        "count": 1
      },
      {
        "value": "1970s",
        "label": "1970s",
        "count": 1
      }
    ],
    "year": [
      {
        "value": "1973",
        "label": "1973",
        "count": 1
      },
      {
        "value": "2007",
        "label": "2007",
        "count": 1
      },
      {
        "value": "2024",
        "label": "2024",
        "count": 2
      }
    ],
    "has_case": [
      {
        "value": "0",
        "label": "without a court case",
        "count": 4
      }
    ]
  },
  "results": [
    {
      "slug": "2024-venezuela-post-election-press-crackdown",
      "title": "Venezuela detains, expels and restricts journalists after disputed 2024 election",
      "occurred_on": "2024-07-28",
      "occurred_on_precision": "day",
      "country": "VE",
      "country_name": "Venezuela",
      "continent": "south-america",
      "jurisdiction": "VE",
      "level": "national",
      "tactic_primary": "detention_and_violence",
      "tactics": [
        "detention_and_violence",
        "expulsion_and_visa_denial",
        "shutdowns_and_blocking"
      ],
      "leader_slug": "nicolas-maduro",
      "leader_name": "Nicolas Maduro",
      "issue_of_the_day": "Venezuela's July 28, 2024 election, in which the National Electoral Council declared Maduro the winner without releasing detailed vote tallies opposition figures disputed, triggered protests and a surge of restrictions on the journalists covering them.",
      "outcome": "sustained",
      "outcome_on": null,
      "outcome_note": "Detained journalists faced continuing prosecution, and social-platform restrictions remained in place after the documented period.",
      "stage": "punish",
      "ladder_note": null,
      "rsf": {
        "index": "RSF World Press Freedom Index",
        "year": 2026,
        "rank": 159,
        "of": 180,
        "label": "RSF 2026 rank: 159th of 180",
        "source_url": "https://rsf.org/en/index"
      },
      "era": "2020s",
      "granularity": "granular",
      "status": "in_effect",
      "case_count": 0,
      "summary": "In the two weeks after Venezuela's disputed July 28, 2024 presidential election, Reporters Without Borders documented 70 press-freedom violations, including nine detentions, nine expulsions of foreign correspondents and the suspension of the social media platform X, as President Nicolas Maduro's government moved to control coverage of the disputed result.",
      "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2024-venezuela-post-election-press-crackdown"
    },
    {
      "slug": "2024-argentina-milei-closes-telam",
      "title": "Milei's government shuts down Argentina's state news agency Telam",
      "occurred_on": "2024-03-04",
      "occurred_on_precision": "day",
      "country": "AR",
      "country_name": "Argentina",
      "continent": "south-america",
      "jurisdiction": "AR",
      "level": "national",
      "tactic_primary": "funding_and_ownership_pressure",
      "tactics": [
        "funding_and_ownership_pressure",
        "outlet_licensing"
      ],
      "leader_slug": "javier-milei",
      "leader_name": "Javier Milei",
      "issue_of_the_day": "Milei had campaigned against what he called wasteful and politically one-sided state spending, and Telam, founded in 1945, had long been associated with the governments of the Kirchner political movement he defeated in the 2023 election.",
      "outcome": "sustained",
      "outcome_on": null,
      "outcome_note": "Telam's original newsroom remained closed; the agency was later reorganized as a smaller state communications operation.",
      "stage": "silence",
      "ladder_note": null,
      "rsf": {
        "index": "RSF World Press Freedom Index",
        "year": 2026,
        "rank": 98,
        "of": 180,
        "label": "RSF 2026 rank: 98th of 180",
        "source_url": "https://rsf.org/en/index"
      },
      "era": "2020s",
      "granularity": "granular",
      "status": "in_effect",
      "case_count": 0,
      "summary": "President Javier Milei's government fenced off and shut down Telam, Argentina's state-owned news agency, calling it a public-relations operation for the prior Kirchnerist governments; unions and journalist groups called the closure one of the most serious blows to press freedom in decades of Argentine democracy.",
      "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2024-argentina-milei-closes-telam"
    },
    {
      "slug": "2007-venezuela-rctv-license-not-renewed",
      "title": "Venezuela: the government declines to renew RCTV's broadcast concession",
      "occurred_on": "2007-05-27",
      "occurred_on_precision": "day",
      "country": "VE",
      "country_name": "Venezuela",
      "continent": "south-america",
      "jurisdiction": "VE",
      "level": "national",
      "tactic_primary": "outlet_licensing",
      "tactics": [
        "outlet_licensing"
      ],
      "leader_slug": "hugo-chavez",
      "leader_name": "Hugo Chavez",
      "issue_of_the_day": "President Hugo Chavez's government accused RCTV of supporting the failed April 2002 coup attempt against him, an accusation the government cited alongside the concession's scheduled expiration.",
      "outcome": "sustained",
      "outcome_on": "2015-09-08",
      "outcome_note": "A regional human rights court found in 2015 that the 2007 non-renewal violated free expression, but the source reviewed does not report RCTV's return to open-signal broadcasting.",
      "stage": "silence",
      "ladder_note": "The country's most-watched television channel lost its national broadcast concession entirely, later found by an international court to have been aimed at ending its critical coverage.",
      "rsf": {
        "index": "RSF World Press Freedom Index",
        "year": 2026,
        "rank": 159,
        "of": 180,
        "label": "RSF 2026 rank: 159th of 180",
        "source_url": "https://rsf.org/en/index"
      },
      "era": "2000s",
      "granularity": "granular",
      "status": "historical",
      "case_count": 0,
      "summary": "Venezuela's government let Radio Caracas Television's twenty-year broadcast concession expire rather than renew it, replacing the country's most-watched channel with a new state broadcaster; a regional human rights court later found the decision violated free expression.",
      "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2007-venezuela-rctv-license-not-renewed"
    },
    {
      "slug": "1973-chile-coup-press-shutdown",
      "title": "Chile's military government shuts opposition radio stations and newspapers after the 1973 coup",
      "occurred_on": "1973-09-11",
      "occurred_on_precision": "day",
      "country": "CL",
      "country_name": "Chile",
      "continent": "south-america",
      "jurisdiction": "CL",
      "level": "national",
      "tactic_primary": "shutdowns_and_blocking",
      "tactics": [
        "detention_and_violence",
        "shutdowns_and_blocking"
      ],
      "leader_slug": "augusto-pinochet",
      "leader_name": "Augusto Pinochet",
      "issue_of_the_day": "Chile's armed forces were in the process of overthrowing President Salvador Allende's elected government on September 11, 1973, and moved to suppress broadcasters and newspapers that continued to support him as the coup unfolded.",
      "outcome": "sustained",
      "outcome_on": "1990-03-01",
      "outcome_note": "Press restrictions continued under military rule until Chile's return to civilian government in March 1990, after Pinochet lost a 1988 plebiscite on his continued rule.",
      "stage": "silence",
      "ladder_note": null,
      "rsf": {
        "index": "RSF World Press Freedom Index",
        "year": 2026,
        "rank": 70,
        "of": 180,
        "label": "RSF 2026 rank: 70th of 180",
        "source_url": "https://rsf.org/en/index"
      },
      "era": "1970s",
      "granularity": "anchor",
      "status": "historical",
      "case_count": 0,
      "summary": "On the day of the September 11, 1973 military coup that overthrew President Salvador Allende, Chile's armed forces bombed and shut down radio stations that opposed the takeover, arrested journalists and closed newspapers aligned with the ousted government, under the military junta led by Augusto Pinochet.",
      "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/1973-chile-coup-press-shutdown"
    }
  ],
  "other_results": [],
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    "json": "https://thewaronnews.com/search.json?continent=south-america&level=national&outcome=sustained",
    "md": "https://thewaronnews.com/search.md?continent=south-america&level=national&outcome=sustained"
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  "license": {
    "name": "CC BY 4.0",
    "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
  }
}