{
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        "label": "United States",
        "rsf": {
          "index": "RSF World Press Freedom Index",
          "year": 2026,
          "rank": 64,
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          "label": "RSF 2026 rank: 64th of 180",
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      {
        "value": "1920s",
        "label": "1920s",
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    {
      "slug": "1931-us-near-v-minnesota-gag-law",
      "title": "United States Supreme Court strikes down a Minnesota law used to shut a newspaper",
      "occurred_on": "1927-01-01",
      "occurred_on_precision": "year",
      "country": "US",
      "country_name": "United States",
      "continent": "north-america",
      "jurisdiction": "US-MN",
      "level": "state_or_province",
      "tactic_primary": "prior_restraint",
      "tactics": [
        "prior_restraint"
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      "leader_slug": "theodore-christianson",
      "leader_name": "Theodore Christianson",
      "issue_of_the_day": "The Saturday Press had run articles accusing Minneapolis officials, police and a local gangster of corruption and racketeering, allegations the county attorney treated as scandalous and defamatory under the state's 1925 nuisance law.",
      "outcome": "reversed",
      "outcome_on": "1931-06-01",
      "outcome_note": "The Supreme Court of the United States struck down the Minnesota law 5 to 4 as a restraint on publication in advance that the Constitution did not allow.",
      "stage": "silence",
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        "index": "RSF World Press Freedom Index",
        "year": 2026,
        "rank": 64,
        "of": 180,
        "label": "RSF 2026 rank: 64th of 180",
        "source_url": "https://rsf.org/en/index"
      },
      "era": "1920s",
      "granularity": "anchor",
      "status": "historical",
      "case_count": 0,
      "summary": "A Hennepin County attorney used Minnesota's 1925 Public Nuisance Law to shut down The Saturday Press, a Minneapolis paper accusing officials of corruption. In 1931 the Supreme Court of the United States struck the law down, ruling that stopping a paper before publication was itself a form of press controls.",
      "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/1931-us-near-v-minnesota-gag-law"
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  "license": {
    "name": "CC BY 4.0",
    "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
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}