{
  "title": "Search, stage: eliminate, outcome ongoing",
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    "stage": "eliminate",
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  "count": 6,
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  "pages": 1,
  "per_page": 50,
  "counts_caveat": "The number of entries reflects the depth of this record, not the severity of a country's conduct.",
  "facets": {
    "country": [
      {
        "value": "CN",
        "label": "China",
        "rsf": {
          "index": "RSF World Press Freedom Index",
          "year": 2026,
          "rank": 178,
          "of": 180,
          "label": "RSF 2026 rank: 178th of 180",
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          "index": "RSF World Press Freedom Index",
          "year": 2026,
          "rank": 128,
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          "label": "RSF 2026 rank: 128th of 180",
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        "label": "Iran",
        "rsf": {
          "index": "RSF World Press Freedom Index",
          "year": 2026,
          "rank": 177,
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          "label": "RSF 2026 rank: 177th of 180",
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          "year": 2026,
          "rank": 172,
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          "label": "RSF 2026 rank: 172nd of 180",
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        "label": "Alejandro Giammattei"
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      {
        "value": "ebrahim-raisi",
        "label": "Ebrahim Raisi"
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      {
        "value": "isaias-afwerki",
        "label": "Isaias Afwerki"
      },
      {
        "value": "vladimir-putin",
        "label": "Vladimir Putin"
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        "value": "xi-jinping",
        "label": "Xi Jinping"
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        "count": 1
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      {
        "value": "2022",
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        "count": 1
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      {
        "value": "2023",
        "label": "2023",
        "count": 1
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      {
        "value": "2024",
        "label": "2024",
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        "label": "without a court case",
        "count": 6
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  "results": [
    {
      "slug": "2024-china-dong-yuyu-espionage-sentence",
      "title": "China: editor Dong Yuyu is sentenced to seven years for espionage over meals with a diplomat",
      "occurred_on": "2024-11-01",
      "occurred_on_precision": "month",
      "country": "CN",
      "country_name": "China",
      "continent": "asia",
      "jurisdiction": "CN",
      "level": "national",
      "tactic_primary": "secrets_and_espionage_laws",
      "tactics": [
        "secrets_and_espionage_laws"
      ],
      "leader_slug": "xi-jinping",
      "leader_name": "Xi Jinping",
      "issue_of_the_day": "Dong had worked at Guangming Daily, a state-run Chinese newspaper, since 1987 and was known for commentary that engaged with foreign diplomats and officials as part of his beat.",
      "outcome": "ongoing",
      "outcome_on": "2024-11-01",
      "outcome_note": "Dong's appeal remained pending before the Beijing High Court as of the September 2025 report reviewed, with its deadline repeatedly extended.",
      "stage": "eliminate",
      "ladder_note": "A veteran editor received a seven-year espionage sentence for meeting a foreign diplomat over lunch, a routine journalistic contact rather than any published disclosure.",
      "rsf": {
        "index": "RSF World Press Freedom Index",
        "year": 2026,
        "rank": 178,
        "of": 180,
        "label": "RSF 2026 rank: 178th of 180",
        "source_url": "https://rsf.org/en/index"
      },
      "era": "2020s",
      "granularity": "granular",
      "status": "in_effect",
      "case_count": 0,
      "summary": "A Chinese court sentenced Guangming Daily editor and columnist Dong Yuyu to seven years in prison for espionage after his 2022 arrest while having lunch with a Japanese diplomat, a case his son called purely political.",
      "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2024-china-dong-yuyu-espionage-sentence"
    },
    {
      "slug": "2024-iran-hamedi-mohammadi-sentenced",
      "title": "Iran: journalists Niloofar Hamedi and Elahe Mohammadi are sentenced to 13 and 12 years",
      "occurred_on": "2024-01-17",
      "occurred_on_precision": "day",
      "country": "IR",
      "country_name": "Iran",
      "continent": "asia",
      "jurisdiction": "IR",
      "level": "national",
      "tactic_primary": "secrets_and_espionage_laws",
      "tactics": [
        "secrets_and_espionage_laws"
      ],
      "leader_slug": "ebrahim-raisi",
      "leader_name": "Ebrahim Raisi",
      "issue_of_the_day": "Hamedi and Mohammadi had reported on the September 2022 death of Mahsa Amini, a 22-year-old woman who died after being held by Iran's morality police for allegedly violating the country's mandatory dress code, reporting that helped ignite months of nationwide protests.",
      "outcome": "ongoing",
      "outcome_on": "2024-01-17",
      "outcome_note": "The two journalists were released on bail of about 200,000 dollars in January 2024 but remained banned from leaving the country.",
      "stage": "eliminate",
      "ladder_note": "Two journalists received sentences of 12 and 13 years for reporting a death in state custody, far beyond a license, credential or access restriction.",
      "rsf": {
        "index": "RSF World Press Freedom Index",
        "year": 2026,
        "rank": 177,
        "of": 180,
        "label": "RSF 2026 rank: 177th of 180",
        "source_url": "https://rsf.org/en/index"
      },
      "era": "2020s",
      "granularity": "granular",
      "status": "in_effect",
      "case_count": 0,
      "summary": "Iranian journalists Niloofar Hamedi and Elahe Mohammadi, who broke the story of Mahsa Amini's death in police custody, were sentenced to 13 and 12 years respectively on national-security-linked charges tied to their reporting, and later released on heavy bail.",
      "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2024-iran-hamedi-mohammadi-sentenced"
    },
    {
      "slug": "2023-guatemala-convicts-zamora-money-laundering",
      "title": "Guatemala convicts investigative journalist Jose Ruben Zamora on money-laundering charge",
      "occurred_on": "2023-06-14",
      "occurred_on_precision": "day",
      "country": "GT",
      "country_name": "Guatemala",
      "continent": "north-america",
      "jurisdiction": "GT",
      "level": "national",
      "tactic_primary": "detention_and_violence",
      "tactics": [
        "detention_and_violence"
      ],
      "leader_slug": "alejandro-giammattei",
      "leader_name": "Alejandro Giammattei",
      "issue_of_the_day": "El Periodico had published more than 120 investigations into government corruption since January 2020 before its forced closure in May 2023, shortly before Zamora's conviction.",
      "outcome": "ongoing",
      "outcome_on": null,
      "outcome_note": "Zamora's case continued through appeals and changing custody arrangements; he remained in the criminal justice system.",
      "stage": "eliminate",
      "ladder_note": null,
      "rsf": {
        "index": "RSF World Press Freedom Index",
        "year": 2026,
        "rank": 128,
        "of": 180,
        "label": "RSF 2026 rank: 128th of 180",
        "source_url": "https://rsf.org/en/index"
      },
      "era": "2020s",
      "granularity": "granular",
      "status": "in_effect",
      "case_count": 0,
      "summary": "A Guatemalan court convicted El Periodico founder Jose Ruben Zamora of money laundering and sentenced him to six years in prison, months after his newspaper, known for investigating government corruption, was forced to close; press-freedom groups said the case was connected to his investigative reporting rather than the financial charge alone.",
      "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2023-guatemala-convicts-zamora-money-laundering"
    },
    {
      "slug": "2022-russia-safronov-treason-sentence",
      "title": "Russia: journalist Ivan Safronov is sentenced to 22 years for treason",
      "occurred_on": "2022-09-05",
      "occurred_on_precision": "day",
      "country": "RU",
      "country_name": "Russia",
      "continent": "europe",
      "jurisdiction": "RU",
      "level": "national",
      "tactic_primary": "secrets_and_espionage_laws",
      "tactics": [
        "secrets_and_espionage_laws"
      ],
      "leader_slug": "vladimir-putin",
      "leader_name": "Vladimir Putin",
      "issue_of_the_day": "Safronov had reported for the newspapers Kommersant and Vedomosti on Russian military affairs, including 2019 coverage of a planned sale of fighter jets to Egypt, before taking a communications role at Russia's space agency.",
      "outcome": "ongoing",
      "outcome_on": "2022-09-05",
      "outcome_note": "Safronov received a 22-year sentence and planned to appeal; the source reviewed does not report a ruling on any appeal.",
      "stage": "eliminate",
      "ladder_note": "A journalist received a 22-year sentence for treason in a case linked to his own earlier reporting, far longer than any credential, licensing or fine-based restriction.",
      "rsf": {
        "index": "RSF World Press Freedom Index",
        "year": 2026,
        "rank": 172,
        "of": 180,
        "label": "RSF 2026 rank: 172nd of 180",
        "source_url": "https://rsf.org/en/index"
      },
      "era": "2020s",
      "granularity": "granular",
      "status": "in_effect",
      "case_count": 0,
      "summary": "A Russian court sentenced military correspondent Ivan Safronov to 22 years in prison for treason, accusing him of spying for a foreign state, in a case his supporters linked to his 2019 reporting on Russian arms sales to Egypt.",
      "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2022-russia-safronov-treason-sentence"
    },
    {
      "slug": "2020-china-arrests-zhang-zhan",
      "title": "China: citizen journalist Zhang Zhan imprisoned for Wuhan reporting",
      "occurred_on": "2020-05-14",
      "occurred_on_precision": "day",
      "country": "CN",
      "country_name": "China",
      "continent": "asia",
      "jurisdiction": "CN",
      "level": "national",
      "tactic_primary": "detention_and_violence",
      "tactics": [
        "detention_and_violence"
      ],
      "leader_slug": "xi-jinping",
      "leader_name": "Xi Jinping",
      "issue_of_the_day": "Not stated in the sources reviewed.",
      "outcome": "ongoing",
      "outcome_on": null,
      "outcome_note": "Zhang completed her original four-year sentence and was released in 2024, but the sources reviewed report a second case against her the following year.",
      "stage": "eliminate",
      "ladder_note": "China imprisoned a citizen journalist for four years over her Wuhan reporting, then opened a second case against her after release; United States detention incidents in the record ended in release the same day.",
      "rsf": {
        "index": "RSF World Press Freedom Index",
        "year": 2026,
        "rank": 178,
        "of": 180,
        "label": "RSF 2026 rank: 178th of 180",
        "source_url": "https://rsf.org/en/index"
      },
      "era": "2020s",
      "granularity": "granular",
      "status": "in_effect",
      "case_count": 0,
      "summary": "China detained citizen journalist Zhang Zhan for posting independent video reports from Wuhan during the early COVID-19 outbreak, later convicting her of \"picking quarrels and provoking trouble\" and, after her release, detaining her again years later.",
      "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2020-china-arrests-zhang-zhan"
    },
    {
      "slug": "2001-eritrea-jails-journalists-indefinitely",
      "title": "Eritrea: independent press closed and journalists jailed without trial",
      "occurred_on": "2001-09-18",
      "occurred_on_precision": "day",
      "country": "ER",
      "country_name": "Eritrea",
      "continent": "africa",
      "jurisdiction": "ER",
      "level": "national",
      "tactic_primary": "detention_and_violence",
      "tactics": [
        "detention_and_violence"
      ],
      "leader_slug": "isaias-afwerki",
      "leader_name": "Isaias Afwerki",
      "issue_of_the_day": "Not stated in the sources reviewed.",
      "outcome": "ongoing",
      "outcome_on": null,
      "outcome_note": "As of the 2010 source reviewed, none of the journalists detained in 2001 had been charged, tried or publicly accounted for.",
      "stage": "eliminate",
      "ladder_note": "Eritrea jailed at least nineteen journalists without charge, trial or public acknowledgment of their fate after suspending its constitution, and has not accounted for several of them in over two decades; no United States detention in the record has approached that duration.",
      "rsf": null,
      "era": "2000s",
      "granularity": "granular",
      "status": "in_effect",
      "case_count": 0,
      "summary": "Eritrea's government closed every private newspaper and jailed at least nineteen journalists, including Dawit Isaac of the paper Setit, without charge or trial in September 2001, after suspending the constitution. Several have never been publicly accounted for since.",
      "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2001-eritrea-jails-journalists-indefinitely"
    }
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    "name": "CC BY 4.0",
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