{
  "title": "Search: expulsion and visa denial, outcome unknown",
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        "label": "Mahmoud Ahmadinejad"
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    {
      "slug": "2025-turkiye-detains-and-deports-journalists-covering-protests",
      "title": "Türkiye: detention, injury and deportation of journalists covering protests, March 2025",
      "occurred_on": "2025-03-19",
      "occurred_on_precision": "day",
      "country": "TR",
      "country_name": "Türkiye",
      "continent": "asia",
      "jurisdiction": "TR",
      "level": "national",
      "tactic_primary": "detention_and_violence",
      "tactics": [
        "detention_and_violence",
        "expulsion_and_visa_denial"
      ],
      "leader_slug": "recep-tayyip-erdogan",
      "leader_name": "Recep Tayyip Erdoğan",
      "issue_of_the_day": "The detention of the mayor of Istanbul, Ekrem İmamoğlu, on March 19, 2025, and the protests that followed.",
      "outcome": "unknown",
      "outcome_on": "2025-04-02",
      "outcome_note": "CPJ's report of 2025-04-02 describes the restrictions as continuing; the outcomes for individual journalists are not recorded.",
      "stage": "punish",
      "ladder_note": null,
      "rsf": {
        "index": "RSF World Press Freedom Index",
        "year": 2026,
        "rank": 163,
        "of": 180,
        "label": "RSF 2026 rank: 163rd of 180",
        "source_url": "https://rsf.org/en/index"
      },
      "era": "2020s",
      "granularity": "granular",
      "status": "in_effect",
      "case_count": 0,
      "summary": "After the detention of the mayor of Istanbul, Ekrem İmamoğlu, on March 19, 2025, protests spread in Türkiye, and between March 19 and March 28, 2025, the authorities detained at least 13 journalists, according to the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ), a non-profit organization in New York. From March 21 to 23, 2025, at least 14 journalists were injured after being beaten or shot with rubber bullets by Istanbul police, and on March 27 police detained the BBC correspondent Mark Lowen and deported him. CPJ said on April 2, 2025 that the authorities \"have since arrested thousands of protesters and have moved aggressively to tamp down media coverage.\"",
      "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2025-turkiye-detains-and-deports-journalists-covering-protests"
    },
    {
      "slug": "2009-iran-post-election-foreign-press-restrictions",
      "title": "Iran expels a BBC correspondent and restricts foreign journalists after a disputed 2009 election",
      "occurred_on": "2009-06-21",
      "occurred_on_precision": "day",
      "country": "IR",
      "country_name": "Iran",
      "continent": "asia",
      "jurisdiction": "IR",
      "level": "national",
      "tactic_primary": "expulsion_and_visa_denial",
      "tactics": [
        "expulsion_and_visa_denial",
        "shutdowns_and_blocking"
      ],
      "leader_slug": "mahmoud-ahmadinejad",
      "leader_name": "Mahmoud Ahmadinejad",
      "issue_of_the_day": "Iran's disputed June 12, 2009 presidential election and the mass protests that followed allegations the vote was rigged for incumbent Mahmoud Ahmadinejad.",
      "outcome": "unknown",
      "outcome_on": null,
      "outcome_note": "The sources reviewed do not establish when Iran lifted the specific 2009 restrictions on foreign correspondents covering the post-election protests.",
      "stage": "punish",
      "ladder_note": null,
      "rsf": {
        "index": "RSF World Press Freedom Index",
        "year": 2026,
        "rank": 177,
        "of": 180,
        "label": "RSF 2026 rank: 177th of 180",
        "source_url": "https://rsf.org/en/index"
      },
      "era": "2000s",
      "granularity": "anchor",
      "status": "historical",
      "case_count": 0,
      "summary": "After Iran's disputed June 2009 presidential election produced mass protests, the government expelled BBC correspondent Jon Leyne, revoked foreign press credentials, confined most foreign journalists to office-based reporting, and blocked access to numerous websites.",
      "url": "https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2009-iran-post-election-foreign-press-restrictions"
    }
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