# Search in Africa, national level

The number of entries reflects the depth of this record, not the severity of a country's conduct.

Filters: country, continent, tactic, stage, from, to, level, actor, leader, outlet, outcome, source_kind, has_case, plus q, sort (date, date_asc, country, tactic, relevance), per_page (up to 100), page and view (table or cards), as query parameters.

18 incidents match this view.

| Date | Incident | Country | Tactic | Head of government | Outcome |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 29 October 2025 | [Tanzania shuts down internet access on election day amid unrest](https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2025-tanzania-internet-shutdown-election-day) | [Tanzania](https://thewaronnews.com/countries/tz) ([RSF 2026 rank: 117th of 180](https://rsf.org/en/index)) | [Shutdowns and blocking](https://thewaronnews.com/tactics/shutdowns_and_blocking) | [Samia Suluhu Hassan](https://thewaronnews.com/leaders/samia-suluhu-hassan) | Unknown |
| 3 September 2025 | [Ethiopia arrests at least six journalists including Sheger FM staff over election-year coverage](https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2025-ethiopia-arrests-journalists-sheger-fm) | [Ethiopia](https://thewaronnews.com/countries/et) ([RSF 2026 rank: 148th of 180](https://rsf.org/en/index)) | [Detention and violence](https://thewaronnews.com/tactics/detention_and_violence) | [Abiy Ahmed](https://thewaronnews.com/leaders/abiy-ahmed) | Ongoing (22 September 2025) |
| 16 January 2025 | [Tunisia's cybercrime decree pushes jailed-journalist count to highest since 1992](https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2025-tunisia-record-journalists-jailed-decree-54) | [Tunisia](https://thewaronnews.com/countries/tn) ([RSF 2026 rank: 137th of 180](https://rsf.org/en/index)) | [Insult and defamation laws](https://thewaronnews.com/tactics/insult_and_defamation_laws) | [Kais Saied](https://thewaronnews.com/leaders/kais-saied) | Sustained |
| 14 July 2023 | [Zimbabwe's Patriotic Act criminalizes journalists' contact with foreign governments](https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2023-zimbabwe-patriotic-act-criminalizes-foreign-contact) | [Zimbabwe](https://thewaronnews.com/countries/zw) ([RSF 2026 rank: 124th of 180](https://rsf.org/en/index)) | [Secrets and espionage laws](https://thewaronnews.com/tactics/secrets_and_espionage_laws) | [Emmerson Mnangagwa](https://thewaronnews.com/leaders/emmerson-mnangagwa) | Sustained (14 July 2023) |
| 13 May 2022 | [Ethiopia: Economist correspondent Tom Gardner expelled](https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2022-ethiopia-expels-tom-gardner) | [Ethiopia](https://thewaronnews.com/countries/et) ([RSF 2026 rank: 148th of 180](https://rsf.org/en/index)) | [Expulsion and visa denial](https://thewaronnews.com/tactics/expulsion_and_visa_denial) | [Abiy Ahmed](https://thewaronnews.com/leaders/abiy-ahmed) | Sustained (13 May 2022) |
| 5 July 2020 | [Morocco: investigative journalist Omar Radi's phone is infected with Pegasus spyware and he is later detained](https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2020-morocco-omar-radi-pegasus-and-detention) | [Morocco](https://thewaronnews.com/countries/ma) (RSF rank: not recorded) | [Surveillance and subpoenas](https://thewaronnews.com/tactics/surveillance_and_subpoenas) | [Saadeddine Othmani](https://thewaronnews.com/leaders/saadeddine-othmani) | Reversed (1 July 2024) |
| 22 March 2019 | [Egypt: media law used to fine and block news site al-Mashhad](https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2019-egypt-media-law-blocks-al-mashhad) | [Egypt](https://thewaronnews.com/countries/eg) ([RSF 2026 rank: 169th of 180](https://rsf.org/en/index)) | [Official labels](https://thewaronnews.com/tactics/disinformation_labeling) | [Abdel Fattah el-Sisi](https://thewaronnews.com/leaders/abdel-fattah-el-sisi) | Unknown (7 May 2019) |
| October 2018 | [Egypt: a license requirement leaves an independent news site unable to operate legally for years](https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2018-egypt-scmr-license-requirement-al-manassa) | [Egypt](https://thewaronnews.com/countries/eg) ([RSF 2026 rank: 169th of 180](https://rsf.org/en/index)) | [Prior restraint](https://thewaronnews.com/tactics/prior_restraint) | [Abdel Fattah el-Sisi](https://thewaronnews.com/leaders/abdel-fattah-el-sisi) | Ongoing (26 October 2020) |
| 16 March 2018 | [Tanzania requires bloggers and online publishers to register and pay an annual government fee](https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2018-tanzania-online-content-regulations) | [Tanzania](https://thewaronnews.com/countries/tz) ([RSF 2026 rank: 117th of 180](https://rsf.org/en/index)) | [Licensing and closure of outlets](https://thewaronnews.com/tactics/outlet_licensing) | [John Magufuli](https://thewaronnews.com/leaders/john-magufuli) | Unknown (12 April 2018) |
| 29 December 2013 | [Egypt arrests and later convicts three Al Jazeera journalists on terrorism-related charges](https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2013-egypt-al-jazeera-journalists-jailed) | [Egypt](https://thewaronnews.com/countries/eg) ([RSF 2026 rank: 169th of 180](https://rsf.org/en/index)) | [Detention and violence](https://thewaronnews.com/tactics/detention_and_violence) | [Adly Mansour](https://thewaronnews.com/leaders/adly-mansour) | Reversed (23 September 2015) |
| 12 May 2005 | [Zimbabwe: the High Court refuses to accredit Daily News journalists under the media registration law](https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2005-zimbabwe-court-refuses-daily-news-accreditation) | [Zimbabwe](https://thewaronnews.com/countries/zw) ([RSF 2026 rank: 124th of 180](https://rsf.org/en/index)) | [Credential control](https://thewaronnews.com/tactics/credential_control) | [Robert Mugabe](https://thewaronnews.com/leaders/robert-mugabe) | Upheld by a court (12 May 2005) |
| 12 September 2003 | [Zimbabwe: police close the Daily News under the media registration law](https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2003-zimbabwe-daily-news-shut-down) | [Zimbabwe](https://thewaronnews.com/countries/zw) ([RSF 2026 rank: 124th of 180](https://rsf.org/en/index)) | [Licensing and closure of outlets](https://thewaronnews.com/tactics/outlet_licensing) | [Robert Mugabe](https://thewaronnews.com/leaders/robert-mugabe) | Reversed (27 May 2010) |
| 15 March 2002 | [Zimbabwe enacts a law requiring all journalists and media houses to hold government licenses](https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2002-zimbabwe-aippa-media-licensing) | [Zimbabwe](https://thewaronnews.com/countries/zw) ([RSF 2026 rank: 124th of 180](https://rsf.org/en/index)) | [Licensing and closure of outlets](https://thewaronnews.com/tactics/outlet_licensing) | [Robert Mugabe](https://thewaronnews.com/leaders/robert-mugabe) | Unknown |
| 18 September 2001 | [Eritrea: independent press closed and journalists jailed without trial](https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2001-eritrea-jails-journalists-indefinitely) | [Eritrea](https://thewaronnews.com/countries/er) (RSF rank: not recorded) | [Detention and violence](https://thewaronnews.com/tactics/detention_and_violence) | [Isaias Afwerki](https://thewaronnews.com/leaders/isaias-afwerki) | Ongoing |
| July 1995 | [Nigeria's military government convicts journalists by special tribunal over coup-plot reporting](https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/1995-nigeria-abacha-journalists-tribunal) | [Nigeria](https://thewaronnews.com/countries/ng) ([RSF 2026 rank: 112th of 180](https://rsf.org/en/index)) | [Detention and violence](https://thewaronnews.com/tactics/detention_and_violence) | [Sani Abacha](https://thewaronnews.com/leaders/sani-abacha) | Reversed (15 June 1998) |
| 2 November 1985 | [South Africa bans television and photographic coverage of unrest under a state of emergency](https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/1985-south-africa-state-of-emergency-media-ban) | [South Africa](https://thewaronnews.com/countries/za) ([RSF 2026 rank: 21st of 180](https://rsf.org/en/index)) | [Shutdowns and blocking](https://thewaronnews.com/tactics/shutdowns_and_blocking) | [P. W. Botha](https://thewaronnews.com/leaders/p-w-botha) | Reversed (1 June 1990) |
| 24 May 1960 | [Egypt's Nasser government nationalizes every newspaper and magazine in the country](https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/1960-egypt-nasser-nationalizes-press) | [Egypt](https://thewaronnews.com/countries/eg) ([RSF 2026 rank: 169th of 180](https://rsf.org/en/index)) | [Funding and ownership pressure](https://thewaronnews.com/tactics/funding_and_ownership_pressure) | [Gamal Abdel Nasser](https://thewaronnews.com/leaders/gamal-abdel-nasser) | Ongoing (1 January 1989) |
| 17 July 1950 | [South Africa's Suppression of Communism Act lets the government ban publications and restrict individuals](https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/1950-south-africa-suppression-of-communism-act) | [South Africa](https://thewaronnews.com/countries/za) ([RSF 2026 rank: 21st of 180](https://rsf.org/en/index)) | [Prior restraint](https://thewaronnews.com/tactics/prior_restraint) | [Daniel François Malan](https://thewaronnews.com/leaders/daniel-francois-malan) | Reversed (31 July 1991) |

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