# Search: secrets and espionage laws in North America, national level The number of entries reflects the depth of this record, not the severity of a country's conduct. Filters: country, continent, tactic, stage, from, to, level, actor, leader, outlet, outcome, source_kind, has_case, plus q, sort (date, date_asc, country, tactic, relevance), per_page (up to 100), page and view (table or cards), as query parameters. 11 incidents match this view. | Date | Incident | Country | Tactic | Head of government | Outcome | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | May 23, 2019 | [United States indicts WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange under the Espionage Act](https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2019-us-assange-espionage-act-indictment) | [United States](https://thewaronnews.com/countries/us) ([RSF 2026 rank: 64th of 180](https://rsf.org/en/index)) | [Secrets and espionage laws](https://thewaronnews.com/tactics/secrets_and_espionage_laws) | [Donald Trump](https://thewaronnews.com/leaders/donald-trump) | Reversed (June 25, 2024) | | October 17, 2014 | [United States pursues New York Times reporter James Risen's testimony for years before dropping its demand for his source](https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2014-us-james-risen-subpoena-jeffrey-sterling) | [United States](https://thewaronnews.com/countries/us) ([RSF 2026 rank: 64th of 180](https://rsf.org/en/index)) | [Surveillance and subpoenas](https://thewaronnews.com/tactics/surveillance_and_subpoenas) | [Barack Obama](https://thewaronnews.com/leaders/barack-obama) | Reversed (October 17, 2014) | | October 10, 2013 | [United States: Espionage Act prosecutions of sources for leaks to the press, 2009 to 2013](https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2013-obama-doj-charges-eight-under-espionage-act) | [United States](https://thewaronnews.com/countries/us) ([RSF 2026 rank: 64th of 180](https://rsf.org/en/index)) | [Secrets and espionage laws](https://thewaronnews.com/tactics/secrets_and_espionage_laws) | [Barack Obama](https://thewaronnews.com/leaders/barack-obama) | Unknown | | May 20, 2013 | [United States search warrant names Fox News reporter James Rosen a possible co-conspirator in a leak case](https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2013-us-doj-names-fox-reporter-co-conspirator) | [United States](https://thewaronnews.com/countries/us) ([RSF 2026 rank: 64th of 180](https://rsf.org/en/index)) | [Surveillance and subpoenas](https://thewaronnews.com/tactics/surveillance_and_subpoenas) | [Barack Obama](https://thewaronnews.com/leaders/barack-obama) | Sustained (July 12, 2013) | | January 25, 2013 | [United States prosecutes former CIA officer John Kiriakou under the Espionage Act for identifying a covert colleague to a journalist](https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2012-us-john-kiriakou-espionage-act-cia-torture-source) | [United States](https://thewaronnews.com/countries/us) ([RSF 2026 rank: 64th of 180](https://rsf.org/en/index)) | [Secrets and espionage laws](https://thewaronnews.com/tactics/secrets_and_espionage_laws) | [Barack Obama](https://thewaronnews.com/leaders/barack-obama) | Upheld by a court (February 3, 2015) | | July 5, 2010 | [United States charges Army analyst Chelsea Manning under the Espionage Act for leaking to WikiLeaks](https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2010-us-chelsea-manning-espionage-act-wikileaks) | [United States](https://thewaronnews.com/countries/us) ([RSF 2026 rank: 64th of 180](https://rsf.org/en/index)) | [Secrets and espionage laws](https://thewaronnews.com/tactics/secrets_and_espionage_laws) | [Barack Obama](https://thewaronnews.com/leaders/barack-obama) | Reversed (January 17, 2017) | | July 6, 2005 | [New York Times reporter Judith Miller jailed for refusing to name a confidential source in the Valerie Plame affair](https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/2005-us-judith-miller-jailed-plame-source) | [United States](https://thewaronnews.com/countries/us) ([RSF 2026 rank: 64th of 180](https://rsf.org/en/index)) | [Surveillance and subpoenas](https://thewaronnews.com/tactics/surveillance_and_subpoenas) | [George W. Bush](https://thewaronnews.com/leaders/george-w-bush) | Upheld by a court (September 29, 2005) | | June 15, 1971 | [United States government seeks an injunction to stop The New York Times publishing the Pentagon Papers](https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/1971-us-pentagon-papers-injunction) | [United States](https://thewaronnews.com/countries/us) ([RSF 2026 rank: 64th of 180](https://rsf.org/en/index)) | [Prior restraint](https://thewaronnews.com/tactics/prior_restraint) | [Richard Nixon](https://thewaronnews.com/leaders/richard-nixon) | Reversed (June 30, 1971) | | December 19, 1941 | [United States creates an Office of Censorship and a wartime code for the press](https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/1941-us-office-of-censorship-wartime-press-code) | [United States](https://thewaronnews.com/countries/us) ([RSF 2026 rank: 64th of 180](https://rsf.org/en/index)) | [Prior restraint](https://thewaronnews.com/tactics/prior_restraint) | [Franklin D. Roosevelt](https://thewaronnews.com/leaders/franklin-d-roosevelt) | Sustained (September 28, 1945) | | July 1917 | [United States postmaster bars the magazine The Masses from the mail under the Espionage Act](https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/1917-us-espionage-act-bars-the-masses-from-the-mail) | [United States](https://thewaronnews.com/countries/us) ([RSF 2026 rank: 64th of 180](https://rsf.org/en/index)) | [Secrets and espionage laws](https://thewaronnews.com/tactics/secrets_and_espionage_laws) | [Woodrow Wilson](https://thewaronnews.com/leaders/woodrow-wilson) | Upheld by a court (November 1, 1917) | | 1917 | [United States Postmaster General Burleson strips the Milwaukee Leader of its mailing rate](https://thewaronnews.com/incidents/1917-us-burleson-mail-ban-milwaukee-leader) | [United States](https://thewaronnews.com/countries/us) ([RSF 2026 rank: 64th of 180](https://rsf.org/en/index)) | [Shutdowns and blocking](https://thewaronnews.com/tactics/shutdowns_and_blocking) | [Woodrow Wilson](https://thewaronnews.com/leaders/woodrow-wilson) | Upheld by a court (March 7, 1921) | Download this view. CSV, JSON or Markdown. CC BY 4.0; credit "The War On News, thewaronnews.com". - CSV: https://thewaronnews.com/search?continent=north-america&tactic=secrets_and_espionage_laws&level=national&format=csv - JSON: https://thewaronnews.com/search.json?continent=north-america&tactic=secrets_and_espionage_laws&level=national - Markdown: https://thewaronnews.com/search.md?continent=north-america&tactic=secrets_and_espionage_laws&level=national Source page: https://thewaronnews.com/search?continent=north-america&tactic=secrets_and_espionage_laws&level=national. The War On News, CC BY 4.0.