Incidents: surveillance and subpoenas in Europe
Each incident is a dated action by a government, an official, a regulator, a court or a legislature that limited journalists' ability to gather or publish news.
The number of entries reflects the depth of this record, not the severity of a country's conduct.
2 incidents match this view.
Country: Hungary, RSF 2026 rank: 74th of 180 United Kingdom, RSF 2026 rank: 18th of 180
Continent: Europe
Tactic: Surveillance and subpoenas (2) Detention and violence (1)
Stage: Punish (2)
Outcome: Ongoing (1) Upheld by a court (1)
Level: National (2)
Head of government: David Cameron Viktor Orban
| Date | Incident | Country | Tactic | Head of government | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| July 2021 | Hungary: investigative journalist Szabolcs Panyi's phone is infected with Pegasus spyware | Hungary (RSF 2026 rank: 74th of 180) | Surveillance and subpoenas | Viktor Orban | Ongoing (July 1, 2021) |
| August 18, 2013 | United Kingdom detains journalist's partner under terrorism law and oversees destruction of Guardian hard drives holding Snowden files | United Kingdom (RSF 2026 rank: 18th of 180) | Surveillance and subpoenas | David Cameron | Upheld by a court (January 19, 2016) |
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