Incidents: surveillance and subpoenas in North America, outcome upheld by a court
Each incident is a dated action by a government, an official, a regulator, a court or a legislature that limited journalists' ability to gather or publish news.
The number of entries reflects the depth of this record, not the severity of a country's conduct.
2 incidents match this view.
Country: United States, RSF 2026 rank: 64th of 180
Continent: North America
Tactic: Surveillance and subpoenas (2) Secrets and espionage laws (1)
Stage: Punish (2)
Outcome: Upheld by a court (2)
Level: National (2)
Head of government: George W. Bush Richard Nixon
| Date | Incident | Country | Tactic | Head of government | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| July 6, 2005 | New York Times reporter Judith Miller jailed for refusing to name a confidential source in the Valerie Plame affair | United States (RSF 2026 rank: 64th of 180) | Surveillance and subpoenas | George W. Bush | Upheld by a court (September 29, 2005) |
| 1969 | United States Supreme Court rules reporters have no privilege to refuse grand jury subpoenas | United States (RSF 2026 rank: 64th of 180) | Surveillance and subpoenas | Richard Nixon | Upheld by a court (June 29, 1972) |
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