Incidents: surveillance and subpoenas, national level, head of government Richard Nixon
Each incident is a dated action by a government, an official, a regulator, a court or a legislature that limited journalists' ability to gather or publish news.
The number of entries reflects the depth of this record, not the severity of a country's conduct.
3 incidents match this view.
Country: United States, RSF 2026 rank: 64th of 180
Continent: North America
Tactic: Surveillance and subpoenas (3) Funding and ownership pressure (1)
Stage: Pressure (2) Punish (1)
Outcome: Unknown (1) Reversed (1) Upheld by a court (1)
Level: National (3)
Head of government: Richard Nixon
| Date | Incident | Country | Tactic | Head of government | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| September 9, 1971 | United States: Nixon White House "enemies list" naming journalists, September 1971 | United States (RSF 2026 rank: 64th of 180) | Surveillance and subpoenas | Richard Nixon | Unknown |
| August 16, 1971 | Nixon White House compiles an enemies list naming journalists for official pressure | United States (RSF 2026 rank: 64th of 180) | Surveillance and subpoenas | Richard Nixon | Reversed (June 27, 1973) |
| 1969 | United States Supreme Court rules reporters have no privilege to refuse grand jury subpoenas | United States (RSF 2026 rank: 64th of 180) | Surveillance and subpoenas | Richard Nixon | Upheld by a court (June 29, 1972) |
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