Search: secrets and espionage laws in Africa, outcome sustained
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| Date | Incident | Country | Tactic | Head of government | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| July 14, 2023 | Zimbabwe's Patriotic Act criminalizes journalists' contact with foreign governments | Zimbabwe (RSF 2026 rank: 124th of 180) | Secrets and espionage laws | Emmerson Mnangagwa | Sustained (July 14, 2023) |