Search: licensing and closure of outlets in Europe, national level

The number of entries reflects the depth of this record, not the severity of a country's conduct.

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10 incidents match this view.

Date	Incident	Country	Tactic	Head of government	Outcome
20 June 2024	Slovakia's parliament dissolves public broadcaster RTVS, replaces it with STVR	Slovakia (RSF 2026 rank: 37th of 180)	Licensing and closure of outlets	Robert Fico	Sustained (1 July 2024)
5 September 2022	Russia: a Moscow court suspends Novaya Gazeta's print license	Russia (RSF 2026 rank: 172nd of 180)	Licensing and closure of outlets	Vladimir Putin	Sustained (5 September 2022)
14 February 2021	Hungary: Klubradio loses its terrestrial broadcast license over its tender application	Hungary (RSF 2026 rank: 74th of 180)	Licensing and closure of outlets	Viktor Orban	Upheld by a court (1 September 2021)
21 December 2010	Hungary's parliament gives a government-appointed media council power to fine outlets for unbalanced coverage	Hungary (RSF 2026 rank: 74th of 180)	Funding and ownership pressure	Viktor Orban	Sustained (1 January 2011)
14 April 2001	State-controlled Gazprom takes formal control of Russia's independent NTV television network	Russia (RSF 2026 rank: 172nd of 180)	Funding and ownership pressure	Vladimir Putin	Sustained (14 April 2001)
October 1988	United Kingdom bars broadcasters from airing Sinn Féin members' own voices	United Kingdom (RSF 2026 rank: 18th of 180)	Licensing and closure of outlets	Margaret Thatcher	Reversed (16 September 1994)
8 May 1941	Greece: collaborationist government creates a Directorate-General for Press and Radio to review films and publications before release	Greece (RSF rank: not recorded)	Prior restraint	Georgios Tsolakoglou	Sustained
4 October 1933	Nazi Germany's Editors Law bars Jewish journalists, 1933	Germany (RSF 2026 rank: 14th of 180)	Credential control	Adolf Hitler	Reversed (8 May 1945)
28 February 1933	Germany: Reichstag Fire Decree suspends freedom of the press, February 1933	Germany (RSF 2026 rank: 14th of 180)	Licensing and closure of outlets	Adolf Hitler	Sustained (1 May 1945)
1922	Glavlit created: Soviet censorship office, 1922	Russia (RSF 2026 rank: 172nd of 180)	Prior restraint	Vladimir Lenin	Ongoing (1 January 1989)

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