Search in Africa, stage: punish, from 2020

The number of entries reflects the depth of this record, not the severity of a country's conduct.

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5 incidents match this view.

Date	Incident	Country	Tactic	Head of government	Outcome
3 September 2025	Ethiopia arrests at least six journalists including Sheger FM staff over election-year coverage	Ethiopia (RSF 2026 rank: 148th of 180)	Detention and violence	Abiy Ahmed	Ongoing (22 September 2025)
16 January 2025	Tunisia's cybercrime decree pushes jailed-journalist count to highest since 1992	Tunisia (RSF 2026 rank: 137th of 180)	Insult and defamation laws	Kais Saied	Sustained
14 July 2023	Zimbabwe's Patriotic Act criminalizes journalists' contact with foreign governments	Zimbabwe (RSF 2026 rank: 124th of 180)	Secrets and espionage laws	Emmerson Mnangagwa	Sustained (14 July 2023)
13 May 2022	Ethiopia: Economist correspondent Tom Gardner expelled	Ethiopia (RSF 2026 rank: 148th of 180)	Expulsion and visa denial	Abiy Ahmed	Sustained (13 May 2022)
5 July 2020	Morocco: investigative journalist Omar Radi's phone is infected with Pegasus spyware and he is later detained	Morocco (RSF rank: not recorded)	Surveillance and subpoenas	Saadeddine Othmani	Reversed (1 July 2024)

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