Search: credential control in Europe, outcome reversed
The number of entries reflects the depth of this record, not the severity of a country's conduct.
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ContinentEurope
TacticCredential control 2Insult and defamation laws 1Prior restraint 1Licensing and closure of outlets 1
StageSilence 2
OutcomeReversed 2
LevelNational 2
| Date | Incident | Country | Tactic | Head of government | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| April 1938 | Franco's Spain requires state permission to be a journalist under a wartime Press Law | Spain (RSF 2026 rank: 29th of 180) | Credential control | Francisco Franco | Reversed (1 April 1977) |
| 4 October 1933 | Nazi Germany's Editors Law bars Jewish journalists from the press and puts editors under state direction | Germany (RSF 2026 rank: 14th of 180) | Credential control | Adolf Hitler | Reversed (8 May 1945) |