Search: credential control in Europe, stage: silence
The number of entries reflects the depth of this record, not the severity of a country's conduct.
2 incidents match this view.
Country: Germany, RSF 2026 rank: 14th of 180 Spain, RSF 2026 rank: 29th of 180
Continent: Europe
Tactic: Credential control (2) Insult and defamation laws (1) Prior restraint (1) Licensing and closure of outlets (1)
Stage: Silence (2)
Outcome: Reversed (2)
Level: National (2)
Head of government: Adolf Hitler Francisco Franco
| Date | Incident | Country | Tactic | Head of government | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| April 1938 | Franco's Spain requires state permission to be a journalist under a wartime Press Law | Spain (RSF 2026 rank: 29th of 180) | Credential control | Francisco Franco | Reversed (April 1, 1977) |
| October 4, 1933 | Nazi Germany's Editors Law bars Jewish journalists from the press and puts editors under state direction | Germany (RSF 2026 rank: 14th of 180) | Credential control | Adolf Hitler | Reversed (May 8, 1945) |